Article is devoted to a subject of certification of production and services in Ukraine. Definition of the concepts "certification", “system of certifications”, "certificate of conformity", “a compliance sign” is made. In article it is also explained, in what cases certification is obligatory, and in what voluntary. The list of production which is subject to obligatory certification in Ukraine is provided.
Recently in an everyday life all of us meet such concepts, as "certificate", certification of the goods and services, certification system more often. At once there is a list of questions: what is the certification; than certificated production differs from not certificated; whether certification of the goods and services etc. is obligatory.
Value of certification constantly increases. From the state it is felt in extension of the list of production which is subject to obligatory certification. For producers of production the certificate is a powerful factor in fight against competitors for a sales market.
Certification is a procedure by means of which the third party gives a written guarantee of that production (the goods, process, service) corresponds to certain conditions. The third call the party which doesn’t depend on the first party (supplier) and the second party (buyer). The main task of certification is the obstacle of realization of production dangerous and harmful to life and human health and environment.
The system of certification is a system of performance of procedure of certification and management of it by certain rules. Systems of certification can operate on national, regional or international level. Certification is carried out by akcreditirovanny bodies in this system which define the scheme of certification and issue by results of production test the certificate of conformity.
Main a problem of certification – prevention of realization of production dangerous and harmful to life and health of citizens and environment.
For carrying out tests of production involve akcreditirovanny test laboratories (centers), and for verification of the quality system – certification bodies of quality systems, akcreditirovanny certifications in system.
Production which according to the legislation is subject to obligatory certification in Ukraine, should be made, imported and be realized in Ukraine only in the presence of the certificate of conformity.
The certificate of conformity is a document which confirms that production, the quality system and quality managements, a control system of environment, the personnel correspond to requirements of a concrete standard or other normative document defined by the legislation.
For quality control of some types of made or imported production, except certification, it is used also the state registration. Registration are subject medicines, products of the medical appointment, special foodstuff, food additives, means of protection of plants, etc.
During carrying out certification carry out: production test, certification of production or services, check and quality system assessment, technical supervision. In each case the structure and sequence of actions at carrying out certification are defined by the accepted scheme of certification.
According to the Decree of Cabinet council of Ukraine from 10.05.1993g. No. 46-93 About standardization and certification certification of production can be obligatory and voluntary. Only that production on which obligatory requirements of standards or other normative documents, in particular requirements which guarantee safety of production for life, health and property of citizens, its compatibility and interchangeability, environmental protection extend is subject to obligatory certification. Obligatory certification is carried out only in the State system of certification.
By results of carrying out certification to the applicant issue the certificate of conformity which has the approved form which specific element is the compliance sign.
The sign of compliance is the sign protected in accordance with the established procedure which testifies that production marked by it corresponds to a concrete standard or other normative document.
Voluntary certification is carried out, as a rule, in the conditions of the competition of producers for the purpose of advertizing of production, development of new sales markets, formation and support of image of firm and also if it is demanded by a term of the contract on production delivery.
or to suppliers of products certification allows the manufacturing enterprises:
– to increase trust to quality of the goods;
– to expand a sales market;
– to increase volumes of release (sale);
– to increase competitiveness of the production in comparison with not certificated.
Certification production is useful to consumers to that:
– protects from production which makes danger to life, health of the person, his property;
– facilitates production choice;
– promotes production improvement of quality (stimulating revision of obsolete requirements of standards).
In Ukraine the Ukrainian state system of certification of production (UkrSEPRO) functions. The system of certification of UKRSEPRO carries out obligatory and voluntary certification of production of the production sphere, services, etc. The general requirements for an order of carrying out certification of production in system of UKRSEPRO, and also technical supervision of certificated production are defined in GSTU 3413-96 Order of carrying out certification of production.
According to the signed agreements on recognition of results of certification, the certificates of conformity issued in system of UKRSEPRO, admit such CIS countries: Armenia, Belarus, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Moldova, Russia, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan and Turkmenistan.
In system of certification of UKRSEPRO carrying out certification of production is provided. Certification of production is carried out for the purpose of an assessment of technical possibilities of the enterprise for ensuring stable output which corresponds to requirements of normative documents which on it extend.
Period of validity of the certificate of production is defined by production certification body, but no more than for three years. For extension of period of validity of the certificate of production the enterprise should in three months prior to the completion of its action address in the certification body of production which has issued the certificate.
39 sections of certificated production
According to the order of the State committee of standardization, metrology and certification of Ukraine No. 28 from February 1, 2005. About the approval of the List of production which is subject to obligatory certification in Ukraine (with the changes brought according to the order of the State committee of Ukraine concerning technical regulation and consumer cooperation No. 171 from July 14 2005g. and No. 219 from August 22, 2005) the list of production which is subject to obligatory certification, consists of 39 sections in which the same goods are created in such groups:
The household and similar equipment and completing products. Lighting production. Manual electromechanical cars, portable machines and metalwork replacement tool. Household radio-electronic equipment. Computer aids. Special means of self-defense. Processing equipment for the food and meat-and-milk industry and trading enterprises. Medical technology. Toys. Synthetic detergents. Small-sized tractor and motor-blocks. Engines of tractors and agricultural cars. Threw – and the woodworking equipment. Welding equipment. Electric cars. Bicycles and baby carriages. Means of the security alarm system. Communication equipment. Film and photoequipment. Ware from ferrous and non-ferrous metals, faience and glass. Means of mechanization and automation of control and cash operations and office equipment. The household equipment working at firm, liquid fuel and gas. Road vehicles, them accessories and equipment. Agricultural machinery. Production of fire-prevention appointment. Elevating means, cranes. Welding materials. Light industrial goods. Food production and food raw materials. Oil products. Construction materials, products and designs. Pipes. Hotel services and services on the catering services provided by subjects of tourist activity. Means of individual protection of workers. Chemical sources of tension. Radiating equipment. School and a stationery from paper. Weapon fire, hunting and sports. Products the pyrotechnic household.
(On magazine materials Agrob_znes sogodn i).