In this article recommendations about cultivation of saplings of a rose of a grade the Fallow deer are made.
Due to burst in the 90th years of last century the economic crisis in Ukraine, in particular and in the Crimea sharply reduced the areas under an efiromaslichny rose. However, in recent years this efiromaslichny branch started to revive. In 2005-2006 in the Crimea it was set with a rose of 30 hectares, and are landed, generally saplings of a highly productive grade the Fallow deer (a national standard of Ukraine).no thus at producers arose big difficulties with a landing material. The matter is that developed in the early nineties at Institute efiromaslichny and herbs (IELR) the intensive, highly effective way of cultivation of saplings of a rose efiromaslichny of green shanks in the conditions of an artificial fog demands big capital investments in the form of stationary hothouses with heating, hotbeds, ridges, systems of an irrigation, tumanoobrazuyushchy installations which now the majority of farms has no. Nevertheless a problem of a landing material of this culture razreshima cheaper way – cultivation of saplings from root offsprings of a kornesobstvenny rose of a grade the Fallow deer. One of biological features of this grade – quite intensive growth in ranks and row-spacings of old and srednevozrastny plantations of root offsprings (2-6 pieces on 1 sq.m). Considering this biological feature of this grade, in IELR in 2004-2006 the low-expensive way of receiving saplings from root offsprings by a way of their dorashchivaniye in a pereshkolka within one vegetative period was developed.
Before posadkoykornevy offsprings of a rose divided into three classes: 1) strong with thickness of elevated escapes of 6-8 mm, quantity of roots of 2-3 pieces in length of 7-10 cm; 2) averages with thickness of elevated escapes of 3-5 mm, quantity of roots of 1-2 pieces in length of 3-5 cm; 3) weak with thickness of elevated escapes of 3-6 mm without roots then landed in the first – the second decade of March in experience with row-spacings of 45 cm and distance among through 10-12 see. Care of offsprings in a pereshkolka consisted in loosening of the soil and a tsapovka of weeds, and also watering for NV maintenance in an arable layer of earth during vegetation at level of 80-85 %.
At the end oktyabryasazhenets dug out. Thus them divided into classes: Ii IIsoglasno to GOST 3577-89 requirements. Saplings of the I-st class should have: number of skeletal escapes – not less than 3 pieces, thickness of a root neck – not less than 10 mm, quantity of the main roots – not less than 3 pieces, length of root system – not less than 15 see. Saplings of II – go a class should have: number of skeletal escapes – not less than 2 pieces, thickness of a root neck – not less than 7 mm, quantity of the main roots – not less than 2 pieces, length of root system – not less than 12 see.
In the course of development of this way of receiving saplings one more biological feature of this rose was established: root offsprings of different quality (strong, average and weak) possess, at the corresponding leaving at a dorashchivaniye, almost identical high ability to rooting. The exit of the taken roots saplings, at their dorashchevaniye in a pereshkolka, made: from strong root offsprings – the 1st class – 63,0 %, the II-nd class – 25,0 %, all in the sum – 88,0 %; from average root offsprings – the 1st class – 53,3 %, the II-nd class – 31,1 %, all in the sum – 84,4 %; from weak root offsprings – the 1st class – 52,8 %, the II-nd class – 27,8 %, all in the sum – 80,6 %.
Cultivation of saplings of a rose by this way manages twice cheaper, than receiving them from green shanks that increases prime cost of one sapling to 0,94 UAH.
For cultivation of kornesobstvenny saplings of a rose efiromaslichny grades the Fallow deer are suitable as strong, average, and weak root offsprings. However, after all it is more expedient to use for these purposes, first of all, strong and average.
V. Pokryshchenko, candidate of agricultural sciences, leading research associate (IELR), V. Zolotilov, younger research associate (IELR).