Experience of JSC Kondratevskoye of Konstantinovsky of the region of Donetsk region which testifies that the nutriyevodstvo in Ukraine can be developed successfully is given in article, applying progressive labor organization and technology of the contents.
UDC 636
Economic value of cultivation of nutrias is that this type of fur animals provides not only valuable fur raw materials light industry, but also dietary meat the population. Besides, the nutria belongs to rastitelnoyadny animals therefore it is easier to farms to provide them with sterns in comparison with others carnivorous – minks, foxes, polar foxes, etc.
Positive experience of the organization of effective production of a nutriyevodstvo has JSC Kondratevskoye, Konstantinovsky of the area, Donetsk the oblasti.redpriyaty is organized in 2000 on the basis of two reconstructed dvukhryadny cowsheds in which constructed open-air cages with pools. To them attached 11 shedov. Use them as follows. In one of them place the main herd of males, females and puppies to depriving, in other – young growth after depriving for further cultivation and otkorma. In each open-air cage for the main herd contain on one family – 1 male and 8 females and 40 puppies to depriving, and in open-air cages for cultivation and otkorma young growth – till 20-25 a goal. nutrias.
Biological features of nutrias give the chance to organize rhythmical reproduction of herd. Pairing is possible during any time of year. Therefore in an economy pairing carry out so that every month it is possible to receive on 200-300 goal. business puppies. Females are coupled by two times a year. At an otselektsionirovanny uterine livestock in two years it is possible to receive five issues. An exit of business puppies for one cycle – 5-6 puppies. Average live mass of one adult female of 5 kg, males-6 of kg. Pregnancy lasts 4.4-4.5 months (132 days), depriving of puppies carry out at the 60th day age, at achievement of live weight of 1.6-1.7 kg, the daily average gain of puppies makes 25-30 g.
In an economy it is created groups of nutrias with a various color of individuals. Each pair of nutrias is used by two, three years, replace subsequently. Annual replacement of the main herd makes 35-40 %. Repair young growth grow up in separate open-air cages and enter into the main herd at the age of 6-7 months at achievement of breeding qualities.
In an economy for the beginning of 2006 9 thousand goal were. nutrias, including 52 main females and 4 manufacturing males.
The economy was given the status of breeding plant. The main task of an economy – cultivation and realization of breeding young growth to other farms and the population.
Providing with sterns in an economy is carried out, generally by purchase. Development in an economy showed that on one main female with a loop for a year it is necessary in exchange energy of 4226 MDZh that there correspond 4.0 c of fodder units on nutritiousness. In structure of forages a powerful part of concentrates – 80 %, juicy-3 %, rough-4 %, green-5 %, various additives – 8 % (including meat – a bone flour-2 of %, molokoprodukty-2 %, yeast – 4 %). On 1 c of a gain, on the basis of the listed forages, an expense make 8,0 c of fodder units, and on one head of the grown-up young growth of nutrias – 0.4 c k.ed.
Type of feeding of nutrias the combined. For feeding all konckorma mix, cook, add in porridge premixes, meat – a bone flour, milk, yeast and mikoelement.
Feeding mode – two times in an essence: in the morning at 4-6 o’clock, in the evening at 16-18. Service personnel labor organization – vakhtovy in three changes. Three brigades on 8 people everyone which work at a farm round the clock, after watch of two days of days off are created. In farm staff – the manager, the veterinarian, the livestock specialist selector and others.
Cost of cultivation of one head of a nutria makes 29 hryvnias, and productions of one centner of a gain of-956 hryvnias. Level of profitability of 65.5 %.
Experience of the Kondratevskoye enterprise testifies that the nutriyevodstvo in Ukraine can be developed successfully, applying progressive labor organization and technology of the contents.
(On materials of the magazine of "Tvarinnitstvo Ukra§ni").