In article it is told about advantage of use of yeast in a diet of animals, especially ruminant.
All new – this well forgotten old, with a certain grain of truth is approved by a national saying
The person used yeast for satisfaction of the compelling needs in food and pitnevekami. With progress in science the area of their use extended from panification before Alzheimer’s disease treatment. And in animal husbandry some decades resort to the help of yeast. Here one of the last examples of their use as a powerful growth factor.
Whether can bring thousand-year experience us? Whether came to pass time from a simple barmy cage to something to more perfect? It appears, as showed researches of the last years, yeast is now also significant for animal husbandry, as before. And can be even more if to take into consideration aspiration to use natural fodder additives.
The barmy cage can be considered as a well of excellent food. It contains a protein, vitamins, nucleotides, amino acids and microcells. Chemical composition approximately the following: 75 % of water, 25 % of solid which contains 18-44 % of carbohydrates, 36-60 % of a protein, 4-8 % of nucleinic acids, 4-7 % of lipids and 6-10 % of inorganic substances, including 1-3 % of phosphorus, 1-3 % of potassium and 0,4 sulfurs. Yeast contains mass of the major microcells and such vitamins as tiamin, Riboflavinum, folic acid, etc. Saccharomycescerevisiaesposobny grow in wide integral of temperatures (from 5 to 35°S), but optimum temperature for their reproduction 28°S.
Yeast – facultative anaeroby: they are capable to pass from breath (oxygen use) to a fermentation (for lack of oxygen) and back. Despite this ability, yeast love oxygen! If it is present at the environment, they actively absorb it and use for creation of a strong cellular wall. In animal husbandry ability of yeast to absorb oxygen helps to create the anaerobny conditions necessary for growth of anaerobny bacteria with a digestive path.
Advantages of use of yeast in animal husbandry were proved by numerous researches within the last decades. They prefer the sour environment and well grow at rN 4.5-6.5, perfectly survive in a hem at rN 6.0-6.5 and produce thus more vitamins, amino acids and nucleotides. Active barmy cages possess adsorbtsionny and buffer properties that turns them into the tank of nutrients and the buffer rN.
High level of dairy acid renders negative effect on growth of useful bacteria because of sharp decrease rN in a digestive path. Yeast strengthens growth of cicatricial bacteria which split dairy acid that stabilizes rN in a hem.
Yeast quickly creates the anaerobny environment, ideal for cicatricial tsellulitichesky bacteria. They also stimulate growth of specific cicatricial bacteria, such, as Selenomonas.
At ruminants yeast can change also the metabolism of nitrogen leading to decrease in concentration of ammonia in a hem and increase in synthesis of a protein, and provides a constant source of the peptides stimulating growth of useful cicatricial bacteria.
Preparations of barmy cultures also strengthen growth of bacteria. Experts in feeding constantly note that barmy products are useful, as they increase consumption of solid and the general efficiency of animals. The symbiotic relations of yeast and cicatricial bacteria (which digest cellulose bulk) are useful to both groups of microorganisms.
Not all barmy cultures are identical! For example, the yeast known under the name baking, can’t be worthy replacement with another, specially created for improvement of functions of a digestive path of animals. Baking yeast differs limited ability to stimulate the most important groups of cicatricial microorganisms. Selection of strains is necessary for creation of a product which as much as possible would make positive impact on health of animals.
Preparations of barmy cultures contain the specialized dried-up barmy cages and nekogotory important components of the environment for their growth. Cages are dried up so that to keep their viability. Therefore, yeast should be rather hardy to sustain drying and granulation process.
For maximum efficiency they should be active metabolic in an organism of animals. There is no need for that barmy cages shared (bred), but they are obliged to be live to absorb oxygen, sekretirovat specific peptides and to consume sugar in a hem.
Why barmy cultures are important for the ruminant? Barmy cultures became an integral part of a set of successful technologies of the maintenance of animals, especially ruminant. And that is why.
1. Barmy preparations stimulate growth of useful microorganisms in a hem.
2. For stimulation active barmy cages are necessary metabolic.
3. Barmy cultures influence a metabolism of dairy acid.
4. Barmy cultures influence digestion in a hem.
5. Not all strains of yeast possess stimulating activity
6. Barmy cultures change a nitrogen metabolism in a hem.
The material for the publication was prepared by O. Ryshkov.