In this publication the explanation which provides new rules and approaches concerning maintaining the account and an assessment of biological assets and agricultural products is given.
Since January 1, 2007 started to operate P (C) BU 30 Biological assets, which provides new rules and approaches concerning maintaining the account and an assessment of biological assets (further – OH) and agricultural products. For a market assessment of assets it operates with the term "fair value". About it there will be a speech in our consultation.
Term use
Are OH estimated at fair value taking into account other factors (in particular, the expenses neposredyostvenno connected with their finishing to a condition of a priyogodnost for use in the planned purposes, the expenses expected on the place of sale, etc.):
• at initial recognition;
• gratuitous receiving;
• contribution to authorized capital;
• an exchange on similar OH;
• transfer flowing OH in structure long-term and doyopolnitelny;
• for balance date (long-term OH, unripe dolyogosrochny OH when translating in long-term, tekuyoshchy OH).
Agricultural production and additional OH at their initial recognition also ocenivayutsya at the fair value reduced by expenses, sales expected on a place.
That understand as fair value
P (C) BU 19 Association of the enterprises defines that fair value is the sum, on koyotory the exchange of an asset or obligation payment as a result of operation between informed, interested and nezavisimymi the parties can be carried out.
There is a question; how spravedyolivy cost flowing OH often is defined?
It is known that OH constantly change the weight, biological characteristics and, of course, a stoyoimost. According to item 10 P (C) BU 30 Bioloyogichesky assets are OH reflected for date of promezhuyotochny and annual balance on the fair stoyoimost reduced by expected on a place prodazhi expenses.
Fair value of animal husbandry
In the analysis flowing OH animal husbandry with a view of their assessment for date of the reporting of the subaccount according to the accounting of assets at fair and initial value sleduet to consider separately.
Thus the rest of animals which is considered on subschete 212 The current biological assets of a zhivotnovodyostvo estimated at fair value, analiziruetsya about compliance of their cost, sformiyorovanny in the reporting period, fair value.
The rest of animals which is considered on subaccount 213 The current biological assets of animal husbandry estimated at initial cost, analiziruetsya about identification of their possibilities ocenki at fair value for reporting date.
The difference between cost fair and sformiyorovanny in the account during the reporting period priznaetsya the income or expenses of other operatsiyoonny activity, joins in structure finansovogo result from agricultural activity and is reflected respectively in subaccounts:
• or 710 The income of initial recognition and of change of cost of assets, which uchityvayutsya at fair value;
• or 940 Expenses from initial recognition and from change of cost of assets, which uchityvayutsya at fair value.
Fair value of plant growing
As to OH plant growing, in determination of their fair value there are certain difficulties. This results from the fact that plant growing – branch which depends on climatic factors. Besides today otsutstvuet the active market of sale of the crops staying in a stage of cultivation.
Because of it fair value flowing OH rasyoteniyevodstvo, as a rule, isn’t defined. Such assets are reflected in the sum of expenses actually suffered on their cultivation:
• in the account – on account 23 "Production";
• in the reporting – under article Incomplete proizvodyostvo.
Fair value of agricultural products
With agricultural production too not all prosto. The prices for its some types considerably otlichayutsya both in time, and on regions of area.
It is necessary to consider and that agricultural enterprise mozhet to hand over production on the different processing enterprises.
In our opinion, for its opyorikhodovaniye the enterprise taking into account item 12 P (C) BU 30 should define frequency of establishment of the fair price for agricultural production. Norms of this point demand production assessment at its initial recognition at the fair value reduced by ozhidayoemy on a place of sale expenses. Initial recognition of this production is reflected in that otchetyony period in which it is separated from OH.
The remains of agricultural products and additional OH in balance reflect at cost on which they were credited at the moment of their initial a priznayoniya (offices from OH) and Selyyoskokhozyaystvennaya production are enlisted into account 27 .
According to P (C) BU 9 further for date balansa the remains are spent in accounting and the reporting on smallest of two estimates: Pervonayochalny cost or net value of realization.
Dependence of a fair stoyoimost on the prices of the active market
Determination of fair value OH and selkhozproyoduktsiya is based on the prices of the active market.
In the presence of several active markets their assessment is based on data of that from them on which the predyopriyaty provides to sell OH and selskokhoyozyaystvenny production.
In the absence of the active market their fair stoyoimost is defined:
1) at the final market price of operation with such assets (under condition of absence of essential neyogativny changes in technological, market, economic or legal environment where the enterprise operates);
2) at market prices of similar assets, otkoryorektirovanny taking into account individual xarakteristik, features or degree of completeness of bioyologichesky transformations of an asset, for which opredelyaetsya fair value;
3) on additional indicators, harakterizuyuyoshchy a price level on additional OH and a selkhozyoproduktsiya, for example, at cost of selskokhozyayyostvenny or other production which can be received at the termination of processes of a zhiznedeyatelyyonost OH (animals can be estimated at cost of meat products).
Assessment by types of production
The sub-standard agricultural products (in the absence of the active market) can be estimated on market cenam on similar production with adjustment on uroven its qualities and suitability to use. Nayoprimer, a grain waste is estimated at grain cost proceeding from its contents in this waste, etc.
The collateral agricultural products (straw, a tops of vegetable, etc.) under condition of absence of the active market can be estimated on standard costs on collecting, a transyoportirovka, stacking, and also to other expenses connected with preparation of this production.
The rejected agricultural products and waste which can’t be used in production processe or to realize, an asset don’t admit. Rasyokhoda on their utilization join in structure of other operating expenses.
Formation of fair value OH and agricultural products
To create fair value OH and agricultural production at their pervonachalyyony recognition or reflection for reporting date, at the enterprise create constantly operating komisyosiya. Branch spetsiayolist, heads of the production podrazdeleyoniya, materially responsible persons and accountants are involved in work in them.
Duties are assigned to members of such commissions on collection of information for formation of base and an oboyosnovaniye of a certain fair value OH and agricultural products. It is thus very important to have data on the prices in the active market.
For data collection it is possible to use:
• independently collected information on the prices in the market;
• information of the organized wholesale markets;
• prices, fair brochures of producers of agricultural production;
• newsletters, sites, periodicals. For example, the information bulletin Market information sistema in agricultural industry where roznichyony, wholesale and exchange prices of a selkhozprodukyotsiya in the markets of Ukraine (the main office are printed weekly extends: Odessa, Preobrazhenskaya St., 34, ph./fax (048) 726-95-57; 726-95-59; E-mail: business@tm.odessa.ua).
Besides, information can be received from organov public administration, namely:
• the average exchange prices of selskokhozyayyostvenny production which developed at akkreyoditovanny commodity exchanges and the agrarian exchange;
• data of price monitoring of the Ministry of agraryony policy. Information placed on sajte, allows to obtain data on separate kateyogoriya of the prices and on separate regions;
• information of managements agroindustrial razyovitiya of the district state administrations;
• information of monitoring of the prices for agricultural products of trading houses, regional and regional soveshchayotelny services.
Conducting accounting
For ordering of information on an assessment of assets at fair value at the enterprise accounting is conducted.
In business are filed:
• commission minutes;
• acts of determination of fair value on vidam OH and agricultural products;
• documents which confirm the market prices accepted for calculation of fair value;
• the conclusions and the calculations of the commission executed at application of methods of an expert assessment and a prinyayotiya of the prices (for example, at the final market price of operation on such assets);
• reports on an assessment of market cost, podgotovlenyony the involved independent appraisers.
Act registration
After definition by the commission market price of this or that asset is made out by the act of determination of sprayovedlivy cost of biological assets and selyyoskokhozyaystvenny production (see the appendix).
In the act the commission should indicate term of use by accounts department of determined fair prices:
• concerning agricultural products – during what period;
• relatively OH – before what reporting date.
The act is signed by all members of the commission and the glavyony accountant and the predyopriyatiya affirms the head.
Dodatok
JSC Progrese of the Belyaevsky area
p_dpri¾mstvo, ustanova, organizaciya
ZATVERDZHY
Ker_vnik of a p_dpri¾mstvo Rogovsky V.I.
(pidpis), (Item I. B.)
On July "09" 2007 roubles.
ACT
viznachennya it is fair ї vartosti b_olog_chny aktiviv that / Abo silskogospodarsko ї produkc i ї
skladeno on July "09" 2007 roubles.
Komisiya priznachena order (rozporyadzhennyam) vid on March 03 2007 roubles No. 42u skladi:
to the head of a zam¾stitel of director Meleshchenko P. I.
chleniv: main agriculturist Danelets V. S., foreman Kuzmenko V. I., chief accountant Bilash M. I., accountant Apostolaka M. I.
rozglyanula document, shho pidtverdzhuyut spravedlivu vartist b_olog_chny aktiviv
(silskogospodarsko ї produkc i ї) for perel_ky, navedeny nizhche, i vstanovila nastupne:
Vraxovuyuchi situaciyu on a rinka, viznachenu spravedlivu vartist zastosuvati for an ots_nka:
zaznacheny in akti b_olog_chny aktiviv on ____ _____________ 20 ____ river.
date zvitnosti
zaznacheno ї in akti silskogospodarsko ї produkc i ї the protyagy: from 01.07.07 to 15.07.07.
period
Head komis i ї Meleshchenko P. I. Meleshchenko
(pidpis) (im’ya, on batkov i, pr_zvishche)
Member komis i ї Danelets V. S. Danelets Bilash M. I. Bilash
(pidpis) (im’ya, on batkov i, pr_zvishche) (pidpis) (im’ya, on batkov i, pr_zvishche)
Kuzmenko V. I. Kuzmenko Apostolaka M. I. Apostolaki
(pidpis) (im’ya, on batkov i, pr_zvishche) (pidpis) (im’ya, on batkov i, pr_zvishche)
(On Balans-Agro newspaper materials).