Article acquaints readers with a quarantine disease – Indian the heads…. Characteristic signs of defeat of plants are noted by this infection. Recommendations about methods of fight against an illness are made.
Belongs to difficult eradicated diseases therefore as disputes of the activator remain in the soil a progressive tense. Infecting agents strike wheat, tritikale, a rye. For the first time golovnya it was revealed v1930 to year in the State of Punjab. Injuriousness golovni consists in decrease in efficiency (reduction of length of an ear, amount of grains), vsxozhesti, and masses of seeds. At strong infection of seeds commodity, hlebopekarsky and biochemical qualities of seeds worsen, Grain has a characteristic smell of rotten fish. The activator remains in the soil teleytospor till 7 months, on a seed till 2-4 years. Infection distribution to a bowl occurs to seeds. Teleytospora sprout in the soil by the flowering period at temperature 15-25C. Disputes are transferred by a wind, rain drops, getting on wheat ears, are infection sources.
Characteristic sign of defeat of the heads partial transformation of seeds into black sporous weight teleytospor. 1-5 cones in an ear are damaged only. In field conditions it is possible to define an illness during wheat maturing when there is an ear dehiscence. Mature teleytospor have red-brown color, round or oval. Inspections carry out to time of wax ripeness of wheat, suspicious seeds are analyzed under a microscope. The main way of distribution of a disease in new areas are the infected seeds of wheat. In the nature teleytospor are transferred by a wind on big distances.
Quarantine actions provided a ban of seeding by the infected seed material. The seeds delivered from the countries where the disease is registered, are exposed to the loboratorno-mycologic analysis. For infection destruction seeds pickle Vitavaksom of 75 % for page of item of 2,5 kg/hectares. Agrotechnical way of fight is observance of crop rotations, destruction of the weeds, the balanced application of fertilizers.
In our area in 2007 inspection on 110 hectares is planned.
N.Bondar, the state inspector on quarantine of plants of Razdolnensky RKP.