In the publication experience of group of Gosplemptitsezavod of the name Frunze of the Saksky area in development of breeding business, strengthening of market economy, strengthening of the social sphere of the village in detail reveals.
Inhabitants of mountains know, what powerful destructive force conceals in itself sel
Inhabitants of mountains know, what powerful destructive force conceals in itself sel. Streams running from thawing glaciers will fill the marenny lake, and … with improbable speed the water shaft falls from four-kilometer height, deafening vicinities by a powerful rumble, having embraced death grip and carrying away huge boulders and century trees in a valley. The comer to the river on a watering place of a bull will throw in whirlpool as a fly, will swallow on the way the bridge, structures …
But, as soon as will give a ride to a shaft, and the elements will cease, there are among boulders people, and bulldozers, truck cranes release from boulders and the remains of the crippled trees sites under building. As if mushrooms grow on the waste ground among stone heaps of the house, and heaps acquire trees. Here already, you look, and the settlement grew – a surprising combination of the wild nature and a civilization.
Like I lodge, the shaft of an agrarian reform fell upon the Crimean villages, involving rural lyud in rough streams of privatization and a raspayevaniye. Any reconstruction and furthermore reconstruction of social and economic foundations of society, doesn’t do without victims. Here and a reformenny shaft, having swept through towns and villages ours, left after itself the destroyed production, the crippled social structures. And only the elements as people were engaged again in creation on the sacred earth for them, after all "nature abhors a vacuum" ceased.
No, not everything gave in to destructive elements of an agrarian reform. The same as once in the Crimea, having broken about the dams erected by people, the powerful mud stream, trying to absorb the highway weakened, there were in the Crimea farms which, let not in full integrity, but nevertheless in a condition suitable for use managed to keep the production base and social and cultural facilities. Fast on distribution of epithets journalists right there called them socialism islands. It is a little in the Crimea of such farms, but they – as the beacons specifying a way to revival of the Crimean village, to development of its production, to improvement of social life and a life of his inhabitants.
One of such farms – the Ukrainian skilled ptitseplemzavod of M.V.Frunze, located in the Saksky region of an autonomy.
To break – not to build … To build, not to break!
Long ago ceased International with its destructive force the filled words. But left questions: To the basis? And what for? Begun to sound again with special force in the late nineties the past century of the word "socialism capitalism" for present director Gosplemptitsezavod of Frunze Boris Yakimchik’s Saksky region were only words. Let in this field ideologists practise. He – the business executive, the production worker, and therefore also looked at reform from a position of the business executive. Believed up to the end in one – the alternative to the market relations isn’t present.
- Why to raze to the ground, – Boris Aleksandrovich, primerivayas to prospect of occurrence into the market reflected those critical years – Instead of whether to try, as on the railway: translated an arrow, and … drove structure in the necessary direction. Neither it is not necessary to lay rails, nor stations to build, neither substations, nor depot – all this are.
At Gosplemptitsezavod of Frunze, unlike many other similar domestic farms, hen houses during a time reformenny lixoletya didn’t suffer. The mechanized molochnotovarny farm remained. As well as in former years till autumn the emerald shawl of winter crop wrapped up a breast of the Frunze earth, and on spring crops of summer grain and fodder herbs turned green. And social and cultural facilities – the guarantor of wellbeing of peasants – too stayed in an integrity and safety.
- How all this to adapt for modern reality?
Also Boris Yakimchik to experience not far Sweden or China, and native to it Belarus where collective farms and state farms adapted for the market relations addressed, breaking nothing from this the best that is acquired by experience, confirmed with practice and works for prospect.
Gosplemptitsezavod’s group decided not only not to "be broken up into smaller units", and, moreover, to strengthen the production positions, having been a part of National agrarian university of Ukraine. So the economy found possibility to walk in step with a science, and the university received good base for work practice of the students.
In structure of cost of products of animal husbandry and poultry farming of an expense for forages exceed 70 %. To buy them it is not favorable – very expensively. It is necessary to make the, but lands at an economy just barely enough. Means it is necessary to increase return of each hectare. At the expense of what?
Scientists offered two options of technology: No-Till (don’t plow") and Mini-Till (a plowing minimum). Having studied technology of these both ways of processing of the soil, resources conducting to local savings at increase of fertility of the earth, tried on them to an environment and, having weighed all pros and cons, stopped on the second option.
Application of new technologies in agriculture caused of improvement of machine and tractor park, and today the economy plans real steps on acquisition of the modern agricultural machinery intended for superficial processing of the soil.
From cross-country Belarus-9 to cross-country of Hayseks
Reference
The state breeding poultry-farming plant of the name Frunze – the largest supplier of breeding poultry-farming production having a long experience of work with hens of the egg direction. Its inkubatorny park is calculated on a laying of 6 million pieces of eggs in a year. The shop of cultivation of young growth has capacity of 200 thousand seats. The shop of adult herd of hens is equipped with the equipment for the maintenance of parental herd. In an economy artificial insemination of hens is successfully applied. The modern laboratory equipment allows to carry out necessary analyses of raw materials, compound feed, eggs, to carry out veterinary and zootechnical researches.
Marina Gudima holds in the hands all threads of management of animal husbandry. When took an interest, it now occupies what position, Marina Mikhaelovna, having slightly hesitated for a time, answered:
- Call the main livestock specialist.
It didn’t get used yet to a new position of the head of the department of animal husbandry – very much "highly" sounds. However today, when the branch directions of plemptitsezavod became self-supporting production facilities as an umbilical cord connected by the general economic interest, this position correctly sounds, reflecting completeness of powers and a range of responsibility of the person allocated with it.
Here it that, Marina Mikhaelovna Gudima, I also asked, why in an economy which is engaged in delivery of breeding poultry-farming production, cross-country of hens of Belorus-9 was replaced with cross-country of Hayseks.
The Belarusian cross-country, according to Marina Mikhaylovna, didn’t sustain the competition to the foreign. Cross-country of Hayseks – earlier, hens start to rush earlier, than at many other cross-countries. If the layer of the Belarusian cross-country takes down for a year of 230-246 eggs, a layer Hayseksa – 312-323. And eggs what – large, an ideal form, with unsurpassed quality of a shell! And not less main: at hens of cross-country of Hayseks the steadiest yaytsenoskost.
Having listened to Marina Mikhaylovna’s all arguments, I try to object it.
- But after all cross-country foreign, other conditions of the contents and a forage are necessary to it.
- There is, of course, a problem – she agrees – earlier in a diet included fish meal, but it very expensive and, as a rule, poor quality. We refused its use. Now to a forage to a bird there is a soya and corn. Too costs much to us, but on revenue our department of plant growing hurries.
To solve a problem of forages in an economy intend using possibilities of the market relations. Empty lands are in other farms, in other areas, they can be rented. Experience such already is. And now the economy plans to expand the area of crops of grain and leguminous crops on a lease-hold land. In the program of updating of mashino-tractor park acquisition of new modern kormouborochny cars is put also.
There is at plemptitsezavod the, formula-feed shop equipped with the modern equipment. A grain part of a diet of a bird and shroty while buy, and the soya ekstrudiruyut and is prepared by compound feeds. So cheaper leaves. Supervise quality of compound feed on a place, in zooveterinary laboratory. The program of drawing up of diets Belgian, optimized.
In parental herd of a bird the plempredpriyatiya is 100 thousand heads moreover 50 thousand heads in industrial herd. Plant here now two lines of cross-country – Hayseks white and Hayseks brown. Hens of cross-country of Hayseks appeared contrary to expectations not such and choosy. Delivered them and planted in the same cages and in the same rooms where predecessors contained, specially reconstructed nothing. However time requirements in an economy try to answer without postponing. For introduction of non-polluting technology the new equipment with a tape pometoudaleniye, drainage and a dung podsushka is bought now.
– Demand for ours of production constantly grows – with pride and satisfaction from results of work of group of poultry breeders Marina Mikhaelovna speaks – Today we provide with the breeding production of 35 % of the market of Ukraine, completing with it commodity factories.
Marketing – it not only advertizing …
On one of Ternopolshchina’s integrated poultry farms there arrived "messengers" from Frunze. It is a lot of and interestingly told to local poultry breeders about Haysekse, showed colourful booklets.
- All this is good – hospitable owners – But far told them in reply your Crimea, can, where closer chickens we will find …
- And why to you to us to go – guests convinced – we have special supersize cars in which we can deliver daily chickens to any region of the country. And to you we will deliver … in the best possible way!
The department of marketing of Gosplemptitsezavod of the name Frunze accurately, harmoniously, creatively operates. To one advertizing here aren’t limited. Specialists experts in marketing regularly visit Holland where chickens of cross-country of Hayseks in due time were bought, study there all innovations concerning care of this bird, her feeding and cultivation. And having come back home, again get ready for a trip: to carry the knowledge saved up abroad on integrated poultry farms of the country, to itself the clients often invite, seminars with them carry out.
Second leading branch
The economy was given one more status – Breeding plant on cultivation of cattle of the Ukrainian red dairy breed.
- The cattle at us high breeding standards – is noticed by M. M. Gudima – However, as well as in poultry farming, it is necessary to adapt own kormoproizvodstvo for needs of animals.
As the economy has no system of an irrigation of fields, corn here don’t grow up. But expanded the areas of crops of Wicca and wheat, esparceta, lucernes of m of other leguminous cultures. From their mixes prepare senazh and an early silo.
In the program of increase of efficiency of doyny herd heads of an economy defined tasks this year – 6 thousand kgs of milk from a cow.
In the daily practical activities cattle breeders of plemzavod closely cooperate with scientists of Institute of cultivation and genetics of animals of the Ukrainian academy of agrarian sciences. Scientists help to pick up and assign to local herd of bulls of producers, develop diets of feeding of doyny herd.
From a milking hall to … to a milking hall
On one of recent meetings of cattle breeders of our autonomy, I do not remember who from acting, said, it would seem already become zayezhzhenny, the phrase: New is well forgotten old. And me at these words as if personally, the mechanized cattle-breeding Cascade complex was presented. That to which in the seventies the past century when the Crimea with great strides went by the way of mechanization and animal husbandry automation, Mikhail Konstantinovich Dorokhin gave a start in life of people of big creative engineering thought. It it, Gosplemptitsezavod’s former director, itself designed reconstruction of a usual molochnotovarny farm.
Also there was a dairy complex. Yes what! Two standard cowsheds, on 200 heads everyone, with platforms on which was are established devices for simultaneous milking of nine cows. Burenok on milking really brought on a signal a driving chain. And they, in a counterbalance to opinion of reactionaries from animal husbandry, treated it quietly.
When milking in stalls in figurative buckets the milkmaid could serve no more than 35 cows, when milking in molokoprovod – 50-60 cows, and on the Fir-tree installation – to hundred.
Known during that time to all Crimea milkmaid Gosplemptitsezavoda Galina Ivanovna Popkov milked, in a place with the assistant, at the same time 200 cows. Its work was noted by a gold star of the Hero of Socialist work.
Everything on "Cascade" was fitted, adjusted. Compound feed the conveyor moved over each of two ranks of stalls of a milking platform, the batcher measured to cows individual doses of compound feed depending on efficiency of everyone. The humidified warm bourgeois who right there on a place, instead of in a feed-preparation house, was prepared by the batcher mixer moved. And losses of concentrates were excluded. Feeding was strictly normalized, at automation it was simple to achieve it. Capacities for nadoyenny milk were supplied with counters.
When in cowshed flight for the first time there was a navozotransporter – the car for cleaning of stalls and laying replacement – cattle breeders right there, for similarity, called it "moon rover".
On "Cascade" together with a loop KRS herd number of 1130 heads contained. And one foreman, two experts, four main masters of machine milking and one substitution coped with all livestock.
Nadoi milk during that time stole up already to 5000 kg a year on one cow, and milk top-quality. Costs of centner of its production on the mechanized complex at first made 8,7 man-hours, decreased to 6,3 h/h, and in 1979 – to 3,3 h/h later.
… To refuse a milking hall it was necessary in days of agrarian and industrial complex reforming. And not because it was bad, and because of the financial squeezes which have taken economy of an economy in a vice. Today, when the prospect of the introduction of Ukraine in the WTO found real terms, and rural producers rose before need to make only competitive production, restoration of a milking hall heads and economy collective already consider as an urgent need. And, it is necessary to tell that at present level of mechanization of a breeding farm of an economy and in its today’s financial condition, will make it simply.
Team without which me not to live.
Boris Yakimchik heads this enterprise since 1995, having accepted it in the most destructive for rural economics lixolete. Twelve years were devoted by him to formation and plemzavod development, but doesn’t consider today’s achievements of the enterprise by a merit only belonging to it: alone such large object as Gosplemzavod, to lift, put on feet and to strengthen his economic basis it is impossible.
– To a today’s condition of economic stability the enterprise was led by team of adherents – Boris Aleksandrovich – And is confident in team of this not only the heads making a staff of the enterprise. The team is in many respects strengthened by "bayonets" of initiative professional workers – members of staff of plemzavod.
- Workers demanded to put on the production site the computer. It would seem, the trifle, and speaks about much – Boris Aleksandrovich notices, – Means to consciousness of rank-and-file members of collective, the depths of production reached that the computer is already simply necessary today for production improvement. And as depends on responsibility and interest in results of the business of workers much!
7238 heads of layers were fixed to poultry-maid Galina Fokina, from each of which she received over 330 eggs at an expense of a forage of 1,39 kg on ten eggs. Natalia Simonenko conducted care of a livestock of hens, number more in 8580 layers, having received on the average from everyone in a year more than 329 pieces of eggs, at an expense of a forage of 1,37 kg on ten eggs. Valentina Gerasimenko conducted care of a livestock of laying hens, number in 9907 heads, and received on 327 pieces of eggs from one layer at an expense of a forage of 1,42 kg on ten eggs.
The big contribution to economy of an economy was brought also by milkmaids. In group of the cows assigned to Lyudmila Paygunova, 45 heads, and on the average from each cow past year the milkmaid bothered 6258 kg of milk, having added to an indicator of 2006 of 929 kgs. Natalia Sakharskaya from each of 45 cows assigned to it received on the average on 5971 kg of milk, having increased average values by one cow on 1088 kg. Svetlana Hlopchik from the cows received on the average on 5774 kg of milk that on 426 kg more than in 2006.
Is at us and remarkable telyatnitsa. On Svetlana Puliyan’s care there were 100 heads of young growth of KRS. It finished a gross additional weight to 36512 t, the daily average additional weight made 945 grams. Elena Kuneshna’s achievements made 38952 t of a gross additional weight on 100 heads of young growth and 777 g daily average. It is necessary to note successes of milkmaid Nadejda Shaposhnikova, poultry-maids Nadejda Fedorchuk and Marina Rusina.
Such high indicators of cattle breeders are in many respects reached thanks to harmonious work of competent specialists of technical service, such as mechanics Sergey Shapoval, Victor Konnov, Alexander Shapovalov and operator Peter Orishko.
Activity of group of poultry breeders and cattle breeders will be skillfully organized the manager of KRS farm by Galina Romanchenko, livestock specialist Elena Shapoval, the livestock specialist of shop of uterine herd of hens Andrey Simonenko, the head of shop of an incubation Tatyana Shapovalova.
And as the big river, team annually replenishes with new inflows. Well debugged production, solid earnings involve youth in an economy. Seldom who leaves the village, there are guys and girls on the native earth.
Here in each shop warmly, light-and it is pure, is where to have a rest in a break, to take a warm shower after work. And in all settlement, in houses of his inhabitants there are no problems with water, in them too warmly, light-, is pure … and it is joyful from confidence of tomorrow.
It is necessary to consider not tons and hectares – it is necessary to consider money …
The director of plemptitsezavod said this phrase at collective meeting on koldogovor signing with special pressing. Its sense was clear all: it is necessary to achieve the highest return in all branches, on each production site, it is rational to distribute cash flows and to invest money in affairs standing.
By the way, movement of cash flows here don’t keep in a shadow, distributes their computer according to the estimate put in the economy budget. well and as to return, new technologies helped to save up resources, to hold on the shoulders such heavy burden, as sockultbyt which isn’t financed by the state.
Such system allows even to allocate funds for the organization of courses on training of workers to English without which knowledge in the world market there is nothing. By the way, working languages of the World Trade Organization are English, French and Spanish.
What will move – a salary or an award?
In favor of an award now all workers of it a plempredpriyatiya, perhaps, will express. After all a present award – not that former twenty thirty what men spend it is known on what. Spent, and in the morning and forgot that it awarded. One only a headache remained.
No, the present award following the results of a year accumulates to 10-20 thousand hryvnias and more. It is pleasant, when such "weight" in a pocket, it is pleasant also to a family which budget will be filled up by such sum.
From where, ask, such awards undertake? From profit, economists a plempredpriyatiya will answer you.
In conversations with many his workers many times it was necessary to hear from different lips one word – motivation. So it such, this motivation? If, say, the poultry breeder receives in a month a salary at a rate of 1600-1700 hryvnias, and on awarding conditions for a high exit and high quality of breeding egg to it will add 300-400 more hryvnias, it and is motivation of work.
In summary last year it was possible to increase an exit of a plemyayets to 3-4 %. Here to you and profit to an economy, here to you award to workers. And, as a result of diligence of all group of poultry breeders, in a year the gosplemptitsezavod carried on integrated poultry farms of Ukraine to 700 thousand daily chickens.
That ball over noisy stadium flew by
As if on a ruler the laid strip of asphalt from two parties as if hour protected by pyramidal poplars, quickly deduced a minibus to the village suburb. To office didn’t go immediately, decided to walk on settlement streets in which long ago wasn’t.
The same direct small streets lined on squares by intersections, the bleached tidy houses enclosed with a low shtaketnik yards. All chishchenny, smoothed, a rake the brushed. On the suburb new cottages, they here weren’t earlier. And behind a village fence, in the distance, as if white seagulls with unusual red wings of roofs, towered over a sea smooth surface new structures of recreation facility – the Frunze boarding house.
And somehow it is kind and warm from seen became on heart. After all now it is quite often possible to see other, why heart presses.
… Here stadium. Too clean, well-groomed with colored under color exhausting with tribunes. The football field and courts hide among park trees. Now here it is silent, only young mothers roll in carriages on avenues of park of the kids. But I know what hot sports fights inflame here during a football season and not only football.
In the center, at office, a fountain with sculptural group, a row Sports palace. All saved up, all kept. What you are good fellows – frunzenets!
Plemptitsezavod to a bulk – a support
And in the evening when the collective gathered for signing of the collective agreement, the head of a rural bulk of Valentin Andreevna Henry, addressing gathered, reported one essential in development rural sockultbyta a detail. In the Crimea now there are only two economy in which the central heating – one in the Dzhankoysky area remained, another, well is clear, the settlement of Frunze.
Objectively estimating a situation, the head of a bulk expressed thought definitely:
- Keep sockultbyt the agricultural producer can only economically strong, with production of a vast scale. Here such, as name Frunze gosplemptitsezavod.
She gave reason for the opinion the facts convincing. Under the authority of a bulk of 4985 hectares of the earth, in the territory of the Village Soviet lives 3115 people, all in one settlement in which more than one thousand houses is. And here, as they say, in one copper three agricultural enterprises, more than ten farms cook.
And so, from all only one taxpayer – gosplemptitsezavod is well-founded. It has an adjusted agricultural production, there is a work for the population, people are socially protected. In a word, there are from what taxes to pay, eat means to pull on the shoulders a heavy cart sockultbyta. And it not only stadium, it also Sports palace, shops, dining room, school, gas, heating, light etc., etc.
Hard certainly, but one enterprise this cart is lucky, being answerable for all others. It is good to transfer certainly namozolivshiya a neck a collar to utility services, but they won’t pull that: the silenok is poorly and means next to nothing.
However it is necessary to transfer over time. But not as nowadays many do, without knowing the ford are put in water. Frunzentsev this problem forces to puzzle already now not because the woman z to a cart, a mare is easier, to this step they are pushed by modernization of production. It after all will liberate many workers. Also that then? Unemployment, flight to the city. No, Yakimchik well in any way can’t allow it. Otherwise as it will look in the opinion of fellows villager?! Same business of its prestige. That is why now, without rushing the head to a whirlpool, the Village Soviet together with the plempredpriyatiy undertook creation of utility services, preparation of shots for them. All becomes in order that the villagers released from the main production didn’t ransack on the far cities and vesyam in search of workplaces, and found them here, on the small homeland.
… Also there was a concert, songs sounded, and those, that pevalis grandfathers, and modern, in a tuft of dance were turned dancers. The impression was such that singers and professional dancers acted not amateur, but. Yes it is visible so it and is, when the compere declared names of heads of ensembles, the words "deserved" and "winner" repeated more than once.
… Home came back in high spirits. From the sea the passing invigorating breeze blew. Also it was thought …
V. PASHCHENKO,
leading expert KGAUKC.