Article contains interview of the minister of an agrarian policy of AR Crimea of Akimov.
Question 1
In country life there is some time for holidays. The economy doesn’t recognize red days of a calendar. To the holiday there is a usual work on fields, farms and the processing enterprises. Exactly thanks to continued self-denying work of landowners the situation in agricultural industry is stabilized: the cattle livestock grows, actively there is a modernization of farms, the most modern technologies take root, conditions for increase in production are created.
In Ukraine peasants always were not only supporters of the state, but also keepers of national spirit. Rural work demands patience and persistence, skillful hands and the wise head, keenness to the earth and attention to the near.
And so it was already moved that landowners bring results of the work in the autumn – what crop collected, how many that sew. And a holiday the professional celebrate during the same fertile time of year.
On the eve of mass celebrations our correspondent met the minister of an agrarian policy of AR Crimea Pavel Ivanovich Akimov firsthand to hear, as affairs in the most "feeding" branch of the Crimea are.
- As of October 1 of the current year grain-growers of Ukraine collected 44,85 million tons of grain that for 74 % more than by this time past year. Average productivity grain across Ukraine made 34,4 c/hectares against last year’s 21,3 c/hectares. How the Crimea in battle for the harvest "was shot"?
- Well "did some shooting". The task which was put by the government on ensuring production of early grain crops in volume of 1500 thousand tons of grain, in the current year is successfully executed. All categories of managing subjects gross production early grain in originally credited (bunker weight) made 1682 thousand tons. The Crimea didn’t receive such shaft of grain since 1992. Productivity early grain in the current year made 28,6 c/hectares that on 5,5 c/hectares above level of previous year.
In my opinion, receiving such crop purposeful organizational work of Council of ministers, the Ministry of an agrarian policy of AR Crimea and regional administrations promoted; the increased level of technological discipline in the majority of agricultural enterprises of all forms of ownership; competent work of specialists of republican and regional seed inspectorates and inspectorates for protection of plants, and also other auxiliary services of agro-industrial complex.
The indisputable leader in grain production is the Krasnogvardeysky area which selkhotovaroproizvoditel grew up and collected more than 249 thousand tons of grain, the best indicator of previous years is exceeded. It is necessary to note work of staff of agricultural enterprises where the crop over 50 c/hectares was grown up. This affiliated undertaking "Ilyich-Agrokrym" of iron and steel works JSC Mariupolskogo of Ilyich of the Krasnogvardeysky area, headed by director general Andrey Vasilyevich Ryumshin. Grain-growers of the enterprise on the area exceeding 4 thousand hectares, threshed on 52,6 centners of grain from each hectare. And also JSC Fruktovaya kompaniya of this area led by Igor Vasilyevich Lysym. Here more than 900 hectares are threshed on 51,4 c/hectares from total area.
High indicators on productivity are reached also by many other labor collectives. So, with average productivity from 40 to 50 c/hectares finished cleaning of 44 agricultural enterprises of the Republic. And 117 farms of all forms of ownership, grew up and collected grains of early grains of cultures from 30 to 40 c/hectares.
Among 25 regions of Ukraine the Crimea on gross production of early grain crops took the 14th place.
For 2009 the task is put not only to be fixed at the boundaries reached in the current year, but also to make let small, but a step forward to a mark of 1700 thousand tons of grain.
To reach put before us the Verkhovna Rada and Council of ministers of tasks we can at the expense of reserves of free lands available still and increase of a level of responsibility at performance of the agrotechnical operations, all elements of technology.
- For today the park of combine harvesters of an autonomy totals 1580 units – it only 45 % from requirement. Over the last 5 years the number of combines was reduced by 40 %, and wear reached them 90 %. Therefore, when comes it is time to collect grown up, many farms should ask modern high-efficiency equipment from neighbors. How the ministry intends to help landowners with this question?
- The ministry of an agrarian policy of the Autonomous Republic Crimea carries out a certain work on restoration of machine and tractor park, including, on updating of park of combine harvesters. In 2007 landowners of the republic acquired 48 units of combine harvesters for the sum of 32,9 million UAH., from them national production – 18 units for the sum of 9,2 million UAH., including, for own means – 17 units for the sum of 8,7 million UAH., on the terms of financial leasing – 1 unit – 0,5 million UAH., foreign production – 30 units, for the sum of 23,7 million UAH.
In 9 months 2008 it is acquired by agricultural producers of 48 units of combine harvesters for the sum of 47,5 million UAH., from them national production of 18 units for the sum of 10,7 million UAH., including, 13 units for own funds for the sum of 7,5 million UAH., on partial compensation of cost – 2 for the sum of 1,1 million UAH. and on the terms of financial leasing – 3 units for the sum of 2,1 million UAH., foreign production – 30 units for the sum of 36,8 million UAH.
The ministry initiated development of drafts of resolutions of the Verkhovna Rada of the Autonomous Republic Crimea About financial support of the enterprises – the legal entities who are engaged in agricultural production, when updating machine and tractor park by the highly effective combine harvesters made outside of Ukraine, by means of partial compensation of cost of their acquisition and About use of budget funds of the Autonomous Republic Crimea on reduction of the cost of expenses for acquisition of agricultural machinery on the terms of financial leasing which are considered and accepted 23.10.2008 at session of the Verkhovna Rada of the Autonomous Republic Crimea. Adoption of these resolutions will allow landowners of the Crimea to accelerate updating of park of combine harvesters.
Last year mass media extended information that from 9 thousand heads and specialists of agricultural enterprises of an autonomy 45 % have the higher profile education only. There are no also shots of an average link. And it at us in the Crimea where there is the Crimean agricultural college which prepares experts of such profile. Recently the college was 180 years old. How today on the village business with shots is?
- Yes, in September of this year the Isolated structural division of National agrarian university Crimean agroindustrial college celebrated the 180 anniversary from the date of the basis. For the long-term period of work in it more than 23 thousand experts for agro-industrial complex of the republic are prepared. Now preparation of young specialists carry out 5 agrarian educational institutions I-Ivurovnya of accreditation. Annually about 1000 young specialists graduate from these educational institutions.
For the purpose of training of specialists for work in the rural zone the Ministry of an agrarian policy of the Autonomous Republic Crimea annually defines need for experts for agro-industrial complex, and makes offers to the Ministry of an agrarian policy of Ukraine of formation of volumes of the state order for establishment of a quota of training of specialists in agrarian HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS from among rural youth.
The ministry assists, holding organizational events for vocational guidance and the direction of rural youth in agrarian HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS, providing to graduates of a place for employment in the agroindustrial enterprises, participates in the commission on distribution of young specialists.
We promote also to preparation, retraining, professional development of personnel of the AR Crimea agro-industrial complex in the Crimean state agrarian educational advice center. At the expense of the Government budget only in 9 months 2008 preparation and retraining at the expense of means of the Government budget of Ukraine 744 persons here have training, increased qualification of 416 people.
- How affairs in the Crimean vegetable growing and gardening are, whether occupied this year the Crimean vegetables and fruit the lawful place on counters? Or again a Turkish import let’s to domestic producer sigh freely?
- As to vegetable growing, in the current year with a view of the guaranteed and more complete providing the Crimea and the contingent of vacationers vegetables, fruits of bakhchevy cultures and potatoes, heads and specialists of the Ministry of an agrarian policy of AR Crimea, regional public administrations, farms of all forms of ownership carry out daily purposeful work not only on performance of look-ahead indicators of this year, but also increase in gross collecting production.
In the current year in all categories of farms of the republic production is expected: vegetables – 218,2 thousand tons (+10,4 thousand tons by 2007), potatoes – 193,8 thousand tons (+9,2 thousand tons by 2007) and melon fields production – 9,7 thousand tons (+2,1tys. tons by 2007).
According to supervising services of the Autonomous Republic Crimea, for October 1 of the current year export of vegetables out of limits of the Crimea advances their import on 362,8 t (all it is taken out vegetables of 1158 t, and are imported 795,2 t).
As to volumes of import of import vegetables, they don’t exceed level of 2007 and for the corresponding date made 2319,4t, and their delivery was carried out generally during the interseasonal period and didn’t influence realization of production of own production.
As to long-term plantings, at this stage about 70 farms of various forms of ownership are engaged in industrial gardening. The greatest areas of gardens are concentrated in Bakhchsarai (5,7 thousand hectares), Simferopol (5,3 thousand hectares), Krasnogvardeysky (4,4 thousand hectares), Nizhnegorsky (3,2 thousand hectares), Saksky (2,9 thousand hectares) and Kirovsk (2.2 thousand hectares) areas.
The third part of available gardens is subject to reconstruction as unpromising, not paying back costs of production of fruits.
In branch of fruit growing the complex of the urgent and radical measures, which purpose – restoration of the area of fruit and berry plantings to level of 50 thousand hectares is carried out. with increase in production of fruit and berry production to 400 thousand tons (by 2017).
For the last 3 years in the Autonomous Republic Crimea over 3 thousand hectares of gardens of intensive type with the condensed schemes of the landing, put by perspective grades with high productivity and competitive qualitative characteristics of fruits are planted. Such plantings make 7 % from total area of gardens available in the Autonomous Republic Crimea.
According to the Development program of gardening and wine growing of the Autonomous Republic Crimea till 2010 of the area of gardens of intensive type should increase to 15 % and will make more than 7 thousand hectares. In 2008 agricultural producers it is planned to plant fruit crops on the area of 739 hectares, 620 hectares are already planted during the spring period. Generally the laying of industrial gardens and yagodnik is conducted in farms of the Bakhchsarai, Krasnogvardeysky, Saksky, Simferopol and Nizhnegorsky areas.
The greatest volumes of landings provide such farms, as JSC Krymskaya fruktovaya kompaniya of the Krasnogvardeysky area, open company agrofirm Gardens of Ukraine of the Bakhchsarai area, JSC Sovkhoz Vesna of the Nizhnegorsky area. They only for 2007 and spring of 2008 planted 672 hectares of modern gardens (according to 420 hectares, 168 hectares and 84 hectares).
For the purpose of sure entry into the WTO, along with an intensification of gardening it is necessary to use as much as possible climatic conditions of the Crimea for the production, not having analogs in the world market. For this purpose at a laying of new gardens and vineyards it is necessary to use grades of fruit crops of the Crimean selection, fruits of high commodity quality yielding in our zone.
In 2007 gross collecting fruit and berry production in all categories of farms of the Autonomous Republic Crimea made 46,5 thousand tons. Nowadays it was expected to collect fruit and berries of 55,6 thousand tons that for 20 % more than last year. As of October 23 in the Autonomous Republic Crimea according to operative data in all categories of farms over 56 thousand tons, including fruit – 52 thousand tons, berries – 4,6 thousand tons are already collected fruit and berry production. That is, look-ahead indicators are already executed, and harvesting of semechkovy cultures proceeds.
In the current year in comparison last year deliveries to the market of fruit and berry production to 25 % will increase.
- It would be desirable to learn, what organizational and financial support of the state it is possible to wait to landowners?
As of 23.10.2008 the agro-industrial complex of an autonomy received money from the Government budget of Ukraine and the Budget of the Autonomous Republic Crimea on the development in the sum of 196,5 million UAH., including from the government budget – 186,19 million UAH., the budget of the Autonomous Republic Crimea – 10,3 million UAH. Receipt of funds from the government budget in 22,2 million UAH is until the end of the year planned., from the budget of the Autonomous Republic Crimea – 5,8 million UAH.
On development of agro-industrial complex in 2008 money are allocated for implementation of the following programs and actions:
- from the Government budget of Ukraine: financial support of the enterprises of agro-industrial complex via the mechanism of reduction of the cost of the short-term and medium-term credits – 17,4 million UAH; a state program of selection in plant growing – 1,05 million UAH; the budgetary cattle-breeding grant and the state support of production of plant growing – 122,6 million UAH. from them on animal husbandry support – 86,0 million UAH., plant growing – 36,6 million UAH; partial compensation for acquisition of difficult agricultural machinery of national production – 3,2 million UAH; the state preferential crediting of rural builders – 3,1 million UAH; a bookmark and care of young gardens, vineyards and yagodnik – 37,1 million UAH.
- from the budget of the Autonomous Republic Crimea: actions of postdegree education – 4,9 million UAH; protivogradovy actions – 1,2 million UAH; exhibitions, fairs – 0,16 million UAH; protection and rational use of lands – 1,2 million UAH; granting soft loans to individual agricultural builders – 2,6 million UAH.
By the ministry of an agrarian policy of the Autonomous Republic Crimea are sent to the Ministry of an agrarian policy of Ukraine of the offer of rather look-ahead volumes of financing of programs from the Government budget of Ukraine for 2009 in the sum of 606,7 million UAH. and in the Ministry of Finance of the Autonomous Republic Crimea the budgetary inquiry on volumes of financing of actions of branch of agro-industrial complex of the Autonomous Republic Crimea from the budget of the Autonomous Republic Crimea for 2009 in the sum of 102 million UAH.
- In the Concept of priority development of agrarian sector of economy and the social sphere of the village in AR Crimea for 2006-2008 special value is given to development of rural territories in the Crimea. You could sound what results and in what direction, in your opinion, there should be a development?
- Following the results of 9 months 2008 growth of gross output on agro-industrial complex in comparison with the corresponding period of 2007 made in the Autonomous Republic Crimea – 122,6 %, including on plant growing – 143,0 %, to animal husbandry – 107 %. Among all regions of Ukraine the Autonomous Republic Crimea took the 8th place.
The enterprises food and the processing industry, carried to the sphere of coordination of the Ministry of an agrarian policy of the Autonomous Republic Crimea, let out production in the comparable prices for the sum of 2,8 billion UAH., that above level of the similar period of 2007 for 11 %. And volume of production of agricultural production, in turn, positively influences quality of life of peasants.
The Verkhovna Rada of the Autonomous Republic Crimea 2006-2008 are declared by the period of priority development of agrarian sector of economy and social development of the village. In 2007 in 2 times (in comparison with 2006) volumes of budget financing of objects of the social sphere of the village were increased. In 2007 in operation 97,3 thousand sq.m of housing, (133,6 % to level of 2006), including individual houses in total area of 89,4 thousand sq.m (152,1 % to level of 2006) are handed over. 309,7 km of gas and 28,8 km of water supply systems are carried out. In 2008 according to the plan of capital investments at the expense of budget funds of the Autonomous Republic Crimea on construction and reconstruction of objects of the social sphere of the village is provided to direct to 47,2 million UAH that makes about 64 % from total amount of capital investments on the Autonomous Republic Crimea (73,9 million UAH).
With a view of improvement of providing rural population by housing, assistance to fixing of shots and youth on the village in the Autonomous Republic Crimea since 2003 the Republican program of support of rural individual housing construction Own house for the period till 2010 is realized. The program is directed on a growth in volumes of individual housing construction on the village, ensuring its availability to the majority of the citizens needing improvement of housing conditions.
The purposes of the program are reached at the expense of granting to rural dwellers of the republic preferential (under 3 % per annum, and for young and large families – under 0 %) long-term (for the term up to 20 years, and to young families – till 30 years) the credits for construction, completion, reconstruction or housing purchase, and also engineering arrangement of rural estates and development of personal part-time farms. On implementation of the specified Program in 2008 is provided to direct: from the budget of the Autonomous Republic Crimea of 2950 thousand UAH, including 142 thousand UAH – on service of the credits, from the State budget of Ukraine – 5146,0 thousand UAH.
Further development of agrarian sector of economy and the social sphere of the village in the Autonomous Republic Crimea should take place in the following directions:
- first of all, this further development of the sphere of production, ensuring performance of look-ahead indicators of development of agro-industrial complex;
- in the direction of development of the agrarian market by formation and development of its infrastructure, creation of system of information and analytical providing participants of the agrarian market;
- in the direction of development of the ground relations work on ensuring protection and restoration of fertility of soils should be carried out;
- further work should consist in ensuring complex, multipurpose development of rural territories, reliable functioning of a social infrastructure of the village in new economic conditions; in support of implementation of investment projects of republican and local value on the village.
Talked E. GORYUNOVA