Article is devoted to biological means of protection of plants from diseases. In it characteristics are given to biological products – trixodermin, planriz (rizoplan), gaupsin.
To receive a good harvest of vegetable production without application of means of protection of plants it is almost impossible. Therefore the solution of problems of protection of plants in hothouses represents an integral part of technology of cultivation of vegetables.
The great value for receiving healthy, non-polluting production of vegetable cultures in the conditions of the protected soil has application of the biological preparations created on the basis of microorganisms – antagonists or products of their activity.
It is necessary to note that in recent years biomethod development as major factor of a biologizatsiya of plant growing received a new impulse. Work of biofactories and biolaboratories which let out production of biological control of harmful organisms is adjusted.
Biological preparations, unlike chemical, are harmless to the person, environment and insects pollinators, don’t collect in plant growing production, don’t possess phytotoxicity.
From biological means of protection of plants from diseases such preparations, as trixodermin, planriz (rizoplan) and gaupsin are most known.
Trikhodermin – the preparation which is working enough on the basis of a mushroom – the antagonist of Trychodermalignorum. Mushrooms of this sort suppress development of causative agents of such widespread diseases as vertitsillezny and fuzariozny withering, white and gray decayed, a sheet and stem form askoxitoza, root decayed. Antagonistic properties of a mushroom of Trychoderma are shown doubly: on the one hand, activity of pathogens chokes with toxic action of the antibiotic substances produced by the antagonist, with another – small floccuses of mushrooms braid floccuses of pathogens, breaking a structure and a metabolism of the last that leads to their death. Mushrooms of the sort Trychoderma increase activity of cellular juice of plants that promotes their resistance to diseases.
Trikhodermin apply to protection of tomatoes, cucumbers, pepper and other cultures against various diseases. The preparation is applied in the various ways: by processing of seeds in 1-2 days prior to crops, entering into soil of hotbeds and hothouses before crops at the rate of 20-25 mg/sq.m, entering into holes at disembarkation of sprouts, spraying of plants during vegetation, watering of plants by working suspension trixodermina. It is issued in a liquid and dry form.
Planriz (rizoplan) – a biological product on the basis of soil bacteria of a specialized strain of Pseudomonasfluorescens with a caption of 1,5* 109 C/ml. Planriz is applied to protection of seeds and sprouts of vegetable cultures from a black leg, root gnily, potatoes tubers from fitoftoroza, parshi and wet decay, plants of tomatoes from fitoftoroza, cucumbers – from mealy dew and peronosporoza, and also fruit crops and grapes from the most widespread diseases.
Gaupsin – a biological product on the basis of bacteria of Pseudomonasaureofaciens of a strain of IMV 2637 with a caption of 2* 109 C/ml. the preparation of complex action as possesses not only antagonistic action against causative agents of diseases, but also shows also insecticidal activity against plodozhorka caterpillars. It is applied against root gnily and other diseases of plants.
Biological products are compatible to growth factors, microcells, pesticides.
(On Ogorodnik magazine materials).