In article recommendations about technology of cultivation of a buckwheat are made. Sortoispytaniye in the Soviet area there passed 12 grades. Also the short characteristic of two high-yielding grades is provided in article.
The buckwheat belongs to krupyany cultures, it cultivate for receiving buckwheat. Her croup it is rich with legkousvayemy proteins and starch, and also contains a significant amount of fat, organic acids and mineral salts (iron, phosphorus and calcium). Therefore it is the valuable food product having medical value.
The buckwheat – a valuable melliferous plant, bribes from a buckwheat gives about 20 % of all honey collected in Ukraine. Thanks to the short vegetative period, the buckwheat with success is used for resowing early summer, and also for pozhnivny crops, poukosny (especially in the conditions of an irrigation). Its vegetative period short – 70-85 days.
Germination of seeds of a buckwheat begins at 8 degrees of heat, but amicable shoots need temperature not below 12-150. Shoots are very sensitive to spring frosts, and adult plants don’t transfer to frosts in the autumn. In relation to moisture the buckwheat is quite exacting, in particular in flowering and a plodoobrazovaniye.
On Goseksperttsentr’s Soviet strong point the sortoispytaniye passed 12 grades. The average crop is received from 8,9 c/hectares to 15,5 c/hectares.
The grade the Ukrainian of institute of agriculture of the Ukrainian academy of agrarian sciences the srednerosly, vegetative period of 96 days, mass of 1000 seeds of 27,9 grams, a crop is received 14,1 c/hectares.
Antary’s grade of the same institute the srednerosly, vegetative period of 99 days, mass of 1000 seeds of 28,1 grams, a crop is received 15,5 c/hectares. Both grades are national standards. The buckwheat is sympathetic to the predecessor and gives the best crops after bean, winter wheat.
From the beginning of field works before crops of a buckwheat passes the considerable period of time which is necessary for using for thorough training of the soil to crops. After spring zyabi it is necessary to carry out the first cultivation on depth of 10-12 cm, before crops carry out the second cultivation on depth of seal of seeds (4-6 cm, to the dried soil – 7-8 cm). After crops it is necessary prikatat annulate skating rinks. Norm of seeding of 80-90 kg/hectares, or 4-5 million grains.
Buckwheat shoots under favorable conditions appear in 5-6 days after crops. For 23-25 day there are buds, and in 5-7 days flowering which 25-30 days therefore maturing at it is stretched last begins.
Due to the high humidity of stalks to (70 %) and juiciness of leaves of a buckwheat in maturing, its separate cleaning gives good results.
L. TISHHENKO, manager of Goseksperttsentr’s Soviet strong point.