In article the technology of cultivation of seeds of a sugar beet is described: crops terms, norm of seeding, care of plants, system of fertilizers, cleaning and postharvest works.
Place in a crop rotation:
The best predecessors – long-term herbs, propashny on a green forage, winter on a green forage, winter wheat. Plowing of the predecessor on depth 27-30 is obligatory see.
After winter during the aestivo-autumnal period it is necessary to apply under a sugar beet more perfect system of zyablevy processing on type polupara. To Obyazayotelno to do vlagozaryadkovy watering or vskhodovyzyvayushchiya by norm of 200-400 m3/hectares. Before crops the soil surely prikatyvat.
Terms poseva:tretya decade of August, the first of September from 24.08 – 05.09.
The norm vysevane is less than 12 kg/hectares. On one running meter of 56-58 plants, at width of row-spacings 70 see. At crops SPGCh seeders are applied, and it is better SSG-12A if there is a set of processing tools to the accepted technology. If provodyat by means of YuMZ or MTZ tractors, surely on back wheels there should be a narrow rubber.
At emergence of shoots it is necessary to watch appearance of a sveklovichyony flea beetle.
Before leaving in winter crops should be pure from weeds since with sornyakami appear various a mold. It is necessary to carry out an earthing up, but to give time for a hardening of plants which can maintain frosts to - 3°S.
To Ukryvk to do with the advent of a stable cold snap. To watch meteoyosvodka. An important point at an ukryvka – to leave over a soil surface a verkhyony part of plants.
Ukryvka is led by the usual okuchnik better extended. It is undesirable to allow to outgrow to a young root crop.
It is very important not to pass 4 moments
1. Appearance of a sveklovichny flea.
2. Ukryvka moment.
3. Moment of opening of crops.
4. Stamping (0-12 cm on the main stalk), a pintsirovka (3-4 cm height on each stalk) is carried out.
During vegetation herbicide betanol 1,2-1,3 kg/hectares on deystyovuyushchy substance is applied.
System udobreniy:zhelatelno organic chemistry, but it is necessary to approach differenyotsirovanno. According to cards of security of NPK, nitric fertilizers bring no more than 30 %, phosphorus-potassium – 100 % since it influences its productivity and quality. Ammofosa bring 3,0 c/hectares.
Under the main plowing of R of 160-200 kg/hectares dv. N of 60-90 kg/hectares of of century, K120-160 kg/hectare of of century. In the spring top dressing of 10 kg/hectares of of century.
Uborka:sozrevaniye the non-simultaneous. At a pobureniye a semyanok for 50-60 % clean on sval. Obmolot make the Don combine.
Postharvest raboty:pervichny processing is carried out by the MANAGERS zernoochistiyotelny cars, "Petkus" and others.
Calibration at big plants outside of the Crimea.
L. TISHHENKO, manager of Goseksperttsentr’s Soviet strong point.