In a note consultation after a scrap of a black currant – to a method of protection it from a currant of a steklyannitsa and other wreckers is given.
The sanitary-and-hygienic requirements shown to application of pesticides on fructifying plantations of a black currant during the period from the completion of flowering before completion of harvesting have rigid character. Such wreckers as a smorodinny steklyannitsa, the smorodinny pochkovy tick, a pobegovy gallitsa and some druyogy types cause a damage to a crop during this period. The considerable part of the period of migration of a pochkovy tick coincides with currant flowering when application of any insektoakaricidov is excluded. Application of pesticides before flowering gives insignificant effect only against most early migrating individuals of pincers. Processings after flowering appear overdue as the considerable part of a tick by this time already manages to occupy again being formed kidneys.
Application of chemical means against a pobegovy gallitsa possibly only for a phase of wintering generation. Development of the second generation of a pobegovy gallitsa, the most part of strongly stretched period of summer of butterflies a currant of a steklyannitsa, and also the completion of migration of a smorodinny pochkovy tick coincide with the period of growth and maturing of berries when application insektoakaricidov is almost excluded.
Originally distribution and infection of production plantations with a black currant with a steklyannitsy, pobegovy gallitsa, a smorodinny pochkovy tick occurs more often to a landing material. Therefore by production of a healthy landing material it is necessary strictly priderzhivatsya a number of measures in optimization of a fytosanitory condition of matochnik and nurseries.
In order to avoid drift of a pochkovy tick by insects pollinators (bumblebees, butterflies, bees) from weeds, fight against weed vegetation on uterine plantings and in nurseries of this culture is carefully conducted.
For an exception or a minimalizatsiya spatial isolation of uterine plantations and nurseries of a black currant of g of industrial plantings is filled in yaytsekladushchy females with a currant of a steklyannitsa, an imago of gallitsa and drift of a pochkovy tick by insects pollinators, and also from personal plots should sostavit not less than 1,5-2 km. At preparation of odrevesnevshy shanks all escapes from uterine plants carefully cut off not to allow flowering of plants and not pritekat insects pollinators. Of little use for preparation of shanks "lying" escapes too cut off. At srezke hemp leave length of 0,5-3,0 cm, no more, that practically excludes preservation of wintering stages (caterpillars) by a currant of a steklyannitsa.
It is very important to destroy the damaged leaves at preparation of shanks and vykopke saplings that plays an essential role snizheyoniya of injuriousness of pincers and diseases (septorioza, antraknoza).
After the completion of work on preparation of shanks of a row-spacing of a matochnik kultiviruyut that leaves carefully to close up to the soil. Thus the considerable part of pincers gets to adverse conditions of wintering and perishes. Otyokhoda after preparation of shanks (branches, the leaves, branches of little use) are removed from a plantation and are burned.
Thus, the landing material of a currant can be grown up free from the most dangerous wreckers, including from a currant of a steklyannitsa and a pochyokovy tick, without pesticides or in case of need with minimum obrabotyoky highly effective biopesticide fitoverm 0,2 % k.e. (0,8-1,2 l/hectares).
On production plantations of a black currant for achievement of their maksimalyyony efficiency it is important to provide optimum density of placement of rasyoteniye and fast formation of high-grade bushes from 15-20 by strong main branches.
At carrying out a branch forming and rejuvenating scraps with symptoms of damage by a currant a steklyannitsa, a pochkovy tick, a pobegovy gallitsa are cut out and destroyed.
For carrying out sanitary scraps it is necessary to know precisely what branches in a bush are damaged by a currant steklyannitsy as outwardly they differ from healthy a little and to find a wormhole it is possible only at a scrap.
The average year gain on healthy 3 – 5-year branches, depending on sorta, can make 19-34 cm, and on the damaged – 5-10 cm, the average total gain on one healthy registration branch can make 64-169 cm, on a povrezhyodenny branch – 15-38 see is besides revealed that the area of a leaf on the branches occupied by a steklyannitsa is less in comparison with healthy branches. The damaged branches don’t fructify almost, and the berries which were formed on them small and not commodity. At a branch nagibaniye with caterpillars 4-5 age (it, as a rule, branches in which guseyonitsa live and eat the second season) crack. At such branches courses nachinayutsya from 5-7 cm from a soil surface. Young caterpillars (the 1-3rd age) in branches usually settle down above from the basis, at level of 10-15 cm from the soil. Such branches at a nagibaniye don’t crack. The revealed and cut-off branches delete from a planyotatsiya and surely burn. If it not to do, the most part of caterpillars of the 4-5th age is capable to finish normally the development, to pupate and turn into butterflies. The last fly on a smell of a black currant and again occupy it.
Cutting of the damaged branches and spatial isolation play important role in release of bushes of a black currant from dangerous vrediteyoly and increase on this basis of efficiency this the most valuable berry kultury.
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