In a note the introduction role in production of new highly productive grades of seeds is described. Article contains speech of the chief of the State seed inspection of AR Crimea of A.Alekseenko.
Introduction in production of new high-reproductive grades and crops by seeds of high reproductions reduce a gap between potential and real productivity
Introduction in production of new high-reproductive grades and crops by seeds of high reproductions reduce a gap between potential and real productivity. Therefore it is necessary to carry out replacement of old grades (hybrids) by new, more productive growths adapted for conditions, with high quality of products. The correct high-quality policy gives the chance to increase other things being equal without additional expenses productivity of agricultural cultures by 30-35 %
Today in the register of grades of Ukraine there are 202 grades of winter wheat of 34 grades of winter barley. And the task number one for heads, agriculturists of farms – to decide on the correct selection of a grade. For this purpose on the basis of the APV Crimean institute the proving ground where it is possible to look the eyes at grades works, and also to receive information interesting you.
One of serious factors of decrease in productivity can call a travmirovannost of seeds. The main danger consists that the injured seed material in vitro can show good vsxozhest, but in field conditions it sharply decreases. In November, and even December, on late crops, and also on fields where seeds vyseyany to the dry soil, seeds only start to sprout. At germination the injured form weak sprouts which in the course of vegetation or drop out that leads to decrease steblestoya, or will give underdeveloped, with the lowered efficiency, a plant.
Unfortunately, despite precautionary actions, after all completely to avoid a travmirovannost of seeds it is not possible. Now farms of areas conduct preparation of seeds for autumn sowing, and a task of experts of farms – it is correct to adjust available zernoochistitelny equipment, to provide normal storage conditions of a sowing material.
For receiving amicable uniform shoots it is necessary to sow the leveled seeds, with high mass of 1000 grains. According to research data – the quantity of germinal backs depends on weight of 1000 seeds that directly influences force of growth. So for example:
In 2008 on AR Crimea 49 subjects of seed farming are brought in the State Register of producers of seeds. In the current year these farms made for realization more than 30 thousand tons of seeds of winter crops of the first reproduction (34 grades of the lake of wheat and 13 grades of the lake of barley). Such quantity will be satisfied completely by need for high-quality seeds of farms of the Crimea, and a task of chairmen of the district state administrations – to take necessary measures for realization of these seeds commodity, to farms and the population.
Unfortunately, still not all heads of agricultural enterprises understand importance of check of seeds in raygosseminspektsiya.
With AR Crimea council of ministers an objective – to provide, taking into account expansion of the areas under winter sowing, to 556 thousand hectares, preparation of seeds in full requirements (102 thousand tons) till September 10, 2008. This task is feasible. However only 30 % are prepared for requirement of seeds of winter crops while as a whole across the Crimea. Affairs with preparation of seeds for autumn sowing in farms of the Dzhankoysky area where it is prepared only 6,1 % of konditsionny seeds, in Kirovsk the area – 15,8 % of konditsionny seeds, in the Krasnoperekopsky area – 20,4 % of konditsionny seeds worst of all are. It speaks about insufficient attention from the district state administrations, managements of agroindustrial development to such important component of a laying of a crop of 2009, as timely and high-quality preparation of seeds of winter crops for crops.
A.Alekseenko, chief of the State seed inspection of AR Crimea.