The history of existence of the Crimean experimental station of vegetable growing of UNN is given in that article. Surnames of the scientists working for station for many years are noted and having made a big contribution to a science.
The CRIMEAN EXPERIMENTAL STATION of VEGETABLE GROWING – 75 YEARS
The Crimean experimental station of vegetable growing – 75 years!
On July 1, 2007 the Crimean experimental station of vegetable growing of Institute of the southern vegetable growing and melon growing of UAAN 75 years are executed. In the 30th years of XXveka in connection with development in the Crimea a canning proyomyshlennost and expansion of a resort zone the poyotrebnost sharply increased in vegetable production. There was a need for a soyozdaniye of new highly productive grades, for providing semenoyovodchesky farms with elite seeds, for development of the agrotekhnicheyosky receptions directed on increase of productivity and snizheyony product cost. These tasks were solved in the beginning by an office of truck farming of Salgirsky regional garden and garden experimental station (the first expert in truck farming S. Tyazhelnikov), and then the Crimean zone experimental station. From July 1, 1932 the experimental station was transformed by the resolution of Council of Peoples Commissars of the Crimean ASSR in scientific issledovatelskoe establishment of Institute of vegetable economy VASXNIL. It settled down in Zuye of the Belogorsky area. Ivan Afanasyevich Drobyazgo was its first diyorektor.
From the 1932nd for 1941 scientific stations deduced and overate in production new high-yielding grades of cucumbers, baklazhanov, pepper, haricot, water-melons.
The Great Patriotic War and fascist occupation of the Crimea temporarily interrupted research work which byla is renewed in 1945. In difficult conditions post-war razruxi selectors F. and V. Ochkas, E.Ivanov and E.Volkov restored old and deduced new grades.
In 1952 establishment was transformed to Simferopolyyosky ovoshchekartofelny selection experimental station, and in 1956 – in ovoshchekartofelny experimental station of the Ukrainian research institution of vegetable growing and potatoes. Directed establishment work the candidate of agricultural sciences Nikolay Iudovich Zhilyakov and to. page – x. N Alexander Maksimovich Pigin.
S1959 years the new stage begins; according to the decision of the government of station were transferred the earth of large state farm of Shevchenko (page. Secluded the Simferopol area) that allowed uvelichit volumes of scientific and production work.
In 1960-1971 staff of station head Athanasius Mikhaylovich Lukyanchenko, Vasily Nikitovich Pleshakov, Dmitry Dmitriyevich Krylov. For the first time in world practice from wild flora the valuable look katrana Stevena was entered into culture and his grade Crimean (the author of M of Peregudt) is deduced.
In 1968 establishment was renamed into Simferopolyyosky ovoshchebakhchevy experimental station of Ukrainian scientific issledovatelskogo vegetable growing and melon growing institute. From 1971 to 1995 Raisa Leontyevna Borisova was her director, At that time it was large advanced research uchrezhdeyony in which 25 research associates, including one doctor and 11 candidates of agricultural sciences worked.
The greatest popularity and distribution in the 70th and 80th years was received by station grades: a tomato – Soviet-679, pepper – Anniversary-307, an eggplant – Simferopol-105, a cucumber – Rosinyoka, onions – Black Sea and Yalta, melons – Livadiya, katrana – Crimean. They were awarded many awards of VDNH, 5 gold, 3 silver and 3 bronze medals of the international exhibitions. Progressive technologies of cultivation of a tomato, pepper, baklazhana, carrots, a table beet, onions napiform, a cucumber, cabbage and other cultures were developed.
The station annually made 1600-1800 c of seeds of the highest reyoproduktsiya for cultivation of 18 grades of 13 vegetable types of rasteyoniya. A lot of work on agrobiological an izucheyoniya of seeds of 76 types and over 100 grades of low-widespread and pryanovkusovy plants was carried out.
The big contribution to creation of new grades and development of progressivyony methods of selection were brought by M. Peregudt, Soltanovsky, the senior research associates of Century Vaskovsky, O. Kovalchuk, Y.Kostanchuk and others. Plodotvoryono technologists - V. Mikhaylov, A.Oginskaya, V. Nemtinov and others worked.
In recent years the experimental station, as well as all vegetable growing of the Crimea, endures the difficulties caused by a stop of the pererayobatyvayushchy enterprises, problems with sale, high cenami on energy carriers both other materials and services, etc. Zeyomelnye grounds generally raspaevany and are rented by business owners that complicates introduction of results of scientific researches in production.
However in these difficult economic conditions the collective continues to carry out scientific programs successfully. Station main activities today:
- creation of new competitive grades and hybrids of vegetable and bakhchevy cultures, ensuring production of highly productive seeds;
– development of energy saving technologies of cultivation of vegetable and bakhchevy cultures.
Now on 306 hectares of ground grounds of station rabotayut 26 people, including 10 research associates, from which 2 candidates of agricultural sciences and 3 graduate students.
11 resource-saving production technologies of seeds are included in an innovative database of station and vegetables in the opened and protected soil of 26 grades and hybrids.
The station carries out scientific providing agrarian and industrial complex with seeds of grades: a tomato – early Chance, mid-season – Chernomorets and pozdnespeyoly – Cruise; pepper sweet – the Coupon, Smaragd, Luxury – the best for the fresh use and for processing.
Grades of station took root in the Odessa, Zaporozhyosky, Lvov and Lugansk areas; in Russia – in the Tula, Ryayozansky and Tambov areas.
In connection with the accession of Ukraine to the WTO it is necessary to pay attention to creation of high-quality grades and hybrids, polzuyushhixsya demand in a domestic and foreign market, razrabatyvat to technology of cultivation of production with set xarakteristikami and low prime cost.
Now the experimental station is headed by Igor Vasiyolyevich Hrapaty, the young, perspective head.
And. NEDBAL, candidate of agricultural sciences.