In article recommendations after a scrap of long-term plantings, victims of a frost are made. The age of plants, force and nature of winter damages is thus considered. It is known from practice that in favorable conditions at a high agrotechnology of a plant can restore the viability since in many cases frosts don’t kill cages and a fabric completely but only damage them.
GARDENS, VINEYARDS – TODAY AND TOMORROW
This cold winter harmful affected a condition of long-term plantings in the Crimea, especially kostochkovy gardens, grapes. Mass damages and death of fruit-trees and grapes it was noted in winters since 1923 of 15 times.
Working as the head of an economy in the Simferopol area the last time endured such elements in 1985. Then it was necessary more than a half existing in an economy old, including and semechkovy gardens to replace, as there was a strong podmerzaniye not only kidneys but also a bark, long-term wood
I do not cease to be surprised to force of all live, including and plants, to aspiration to survive, and sometimes and to give posterity, it would seem in not survived conditions. The task of agronomical service – to help them to survive, holding pravilyyony agrotechnical events.
It is necessary to recognize that conditions of autumn of 2005 were soft, and didn’t allow to become tempered well not only long-term, but also to winter field crops. Certainly, the resulting effect of winter damages will depend not only on their degree, but also from regeneration ability of plants, and in many respects from weather conditions of the spring-and-summer period, and especially from care of the damaged plants during the whole vegetative period.
It is known that in many cases frosts don’t kill a cage and a fabric completely but only damage them. Even after strong podmerzaniye, plants among the damaged fabrics still have live sites. In favorable conditions at a high agrotechnology they can restore the viability, and it is confirmed by practice of frosty seasons. Now one of priorities – correct a scrap of long-term plantings, taking into account age of plants, force and nature of winter damages.
At a weak podmerzaniye of flower kidneys at apple-trees and pears (to 50 %) to a scrap will see by rules. At damage of 80 % of flower kidneys thin out krone with truncation of conductors for their 1/3-1/2 lengths sopodchineniya on transfer. At damage to 50 % of floral kidneys kostochkovy, to a scrap carry out after their swelling by agrorules, and at a peach fruit branches to shorten not on 4-6 kidneys, and on 9-15. At damage of 80 % of kidneys at a peach cut off in a phase of emergence of buds leaving on a branch not less than 5-6 kidneys. On other kostochkovy cultures prorezhivayut krone with an easy sopodchineniye on transfer
At full death of flower kidneys on kostochkovy, the scrap should make stronger. Except a krone prorezhivaniye, it is necessary to reduce height of trees to 3-4 meters. Such difficult a scrap causes intensive growth annual prirostov on which the crop of the next years will be put.
Good result spring waterings, top dressing, including and extra root give, moisture closing in row-spacings, fight against weeds, diseases and wreckers. Nitric fertilizers are necessary for strong growth, at possibility of carrying out a shchelevaniye with top dressing. The good result gives nitroammofoska.
For formation of a high-grade plant carry out additional top dressing on a leaf of kristalony, 2-3 kg/hectares and a carbamide of 0,3-0,5 % in 15 days after flowering. It is very important to provide appropriate protection against wreckers and diseases. Let it will be the minimum processings, but on trees we shouldn’t allow any struck leaf.
As to vineyards that those wine-growers win against us in the Crimea, which for their winter pripaxivayut always.
Restoration of such vineyards demands carrying out special works. It otkopka root shtamba on depth of 15-20 cm, for formation of sleeping kidneys on not struck part shtamba a bush. It becomes, first of all, in plantings of kornesobstvenny grapes. At formation of such fatty escapes during their summer it is necessary to create correctly. Having held these events, on the second year it is possible to receive 50-60 % of a crop from the normal.
Unfortunately, there is one more, almost regular factor, preventing to receive a high-grade crop in the Crimea – is spring frosts on flowers and zavyazyam. But I think, God won’t allow now such injustice, the nature will show the force, and gardeners, wine-growers will manage to carry out correctly and in time all complex of actions compensating weathers aren’t ready.
V.Bely, honored worker of agricultural industry of the Crimea director of KF DP "Rayz-Agroservice".