Article tells about a seminar which passed on December 24, 2008 on the basis of the Crimean experimental station of gardening of IS UAAN and was devoted a scrap of fruit crops.
We PREPARE TO WINTER the SCRAP
On December 24, 2008 on the basis of the Crimean experimental station of gardening of IS UAAN (the village Small, the Simferopol area) is held a regional seminar after a scrap of fruit crops.
The deputy director of experimental station on R. D. Babin’s scientific work opened a seminar. In the performance Raisa Danilovna characterized an existing condition of gardening in the Crimea, the main directions of its development.
- Seminars are outlined in new year on technology of care of gardens taking into account high-quality features of semechkovy cultures – she reported. Raisa Danilovna suggested gardeners of the Simferopol area to continue cooperation with station, emphasized that in new year it should become closer.
Within consulting cooperation also there passed further work of a seminar. The head of department of an agrotechnology of the Crimean experimental station of gardening L.B.Tankevich reported that according to a hydrometeorological post during the summer of this year relative humidity of air decreased to 16-30 %. At such temperature mode trees had a stress which was reflected in a laying of generativny (floral) kidneys. In this regard before the beginning scraps it is necessary to carry out the analysis of flower kidneys and, taking into account their existence and safety, obrezky to regulate loading of trees.
This year on old trees there was a big loading therefore it is necessary to carry out to the winter and spring period on them rejuvenating to a scrap. At a high agrotechnology these plantings will give a good harvest next five and more years.
Because the majority of grades of a pear has a pyramidal form of krone at an acute angle of an otkhozhdeniye of branches from the central conductor, it is recommended to regulate an otkhozhdeniye corner by a deviation of branches. This reception it is possible to contain strong vertical growth and to increase number of fruit educations. At a scrap of a pear stronger truncation of annual escapes is necessary to reduce friability of krone and more effectively to use its volume.
Concerning world tendencies in gardening, Leonid Borisovich noted that today the European gardeners put apple-tree plantings on undersized stocks, landing is conducted according to the condensed scheme by the two-year blossoming saplings created in nursery, a crop receive the next year, accumulation of productivity goes quickly and reaches 40-50 t/hectares.
At big loading regulate productivity manually when fruits will be size about a walnut or a chemical way on color. Term of operation of such gardens – 12-14 years. Gardeners of Europe of funds and for protective measures aren’t sorry, establishing in gardens protivogradovy grids at height of 5 m. Sweet cherry of a grid protect also from birds.
- At station made experiment, covering trees in the same row agrofibre, and on the friend – a film. Agrofibre better proved to be, but in both cases of a freezing in any way didn’t work on trees – L.Tankevich told.
As to kostochkovy cultures, transition from seed stocks on vegetativno made multiple copies is necessary. In recent years our gardeners often buy saplings of fruit crops in the western countries. These grades weren’t studied under our conditions, didn’t pass the state test and aren’t included in the Register of the grades resolved for landing. As a result such gardens often don’t give expected productivity.
On a practical part the master class from Leonid Tankevich was offered participants of a seminar. He showed as correctly to see off to a scrap of an apple-tree, a pear and the trees which are grown up on technologies of a standard pyramid.
Recommendations of the Crimean experimental station of gardening after a scrap of fruit plantings will be published in the following issues of the newspaper.
E. GORYUNOVA, Century RYABUXA, experts of KGA UKTs.