In a note it is in detail told about application rules in a garden and on a kitchen garden of chemical preparations, their characteristics are given, ways of action are described.
Modern scientists, trying to reduce harmful effects of chemical preparations, use the connections which are quickly decaying in the biosphere.
But also now to say that application of pesticides, as before – yadoximikatov, is absolutely harmless (such statements often it is possible to meet in advertisements) at least irresponsibly.
Having decided to apply on the site pesticides (lat. pestis – an infection; the cyto – I kill), don’t hurry with acquisition yadoximikatov at casual sellers. In the markets can meet and fakes. Be not too lazy, descend in specialized shop, familiarize with the certificate, receive consultation, study the instruction on application, check an expiration date. After all misuse and overdose of a preparation pose threat not only to health, but, happens, and human lives.
The range of pesticides annually replenishes, and not only at the expense of domestic producers. Many of them arrive on counters of our shops from the near and far abroad. There is a list of the pesticides resolved to the use. And in shop which protects the reputation, to you hardly will sell the pesticide which has not been allowed for use by individuals. In doses recommended by instructions address preparations are a little toxic, and to an organism target are already mortally dangerous.
It is not necessary to use on a site the same habitual and well familiar preparations from year to year. After all poisonous chemicals have property to collect in food chains that will negatively affect on health of the person. Besides wreckers adapt to them and cease to react.
B of dependence on against what or whom these or those pesticides are directed, distinguish some them classes.
Herbicides serve for destruction of grassy weed plants (arboricidy – for wood). Chemical herbicides can influence diseases of plants (to weaken fitoftorozny radical decay of an apple-tree to strengthen fuzariozny withering of a tomato). Besides they can seriously damage burns the plants which have casually got to the sphere of their action, to cause uglinesses of flowers, fruits, escapes.
Fungitsida – the preparations developed for protection of plants from fungoid diseases.
Limatsida – means of fight against mollusks and slugs, zoocidy – with rodents, bactericides are directed on fight against bacteria.
Insecticides – the preparations intended for protection of plants from harmful insects. If he affects ticks, it – akaricid, if on nematodes - nematocid. Ovitsid kills egg, larvicid – larvae, adulticid – an imago.
On the mechanism of action distinguish insektitsidtkontaktny (killing insects at contact to any part of their body), intestinal (killing after penetration together with food in intestines through digestive organs), system (moving on vessels or floeme plants from roots to leaves and in the opposite direction and poisoning insects at absorption of juice of plants), fumigiruyushhis (killing insects at penetration through respiratory organs in shape parov or gases).
In the instruction on application of preparations symbols can meet: k.s. – a concentrate of suspension, item page – a being moistened powder, century of – water-soluble granules, genitive – a soluble powder, k.e. – emulsion concentrate.
As processing of plants by pesticides is carried out generally by a method of spraying and only in some cases – pollination of plants and aerosol processings, not superfluous will remember that:
suspension – liquid in which firm powdery preparations are in a suspension;
emulsion – a liquid mix in which the crushed particles of one liquid are in other liquid in a suspension;
granulyat – a mix of active substance (pesticide) and a filler in the form of granules (grains) in the size from 0,2 to 4 mm, brought on a surface of plants or the soil or to the soil. Water-soluble (VRG) and water dispersed (VDG) are used for spraying of plants;
aerosol – a suspension of the smallest drops of liquid or firm pylevidny particles in air. Aerosols from liquid particles usually call fogs, and from firm – smokes.
To start site processing by pesticides it is possible only after attentive studying of the instruction. In it there should be information on how it is correct to use a preparation: norms of an expense, concentration, frequency rate of the processing, necessary security measures and time, which it is necessary to wait after application of pesticides before starting to work on a site. To process pesticides of a bed it is possible only in the morning (till 10 o’clock) and in the evening (after 18 hours) in windless weather. It is necessary to take into consideration even an easy breeze, after all because of it yadoximikat can get on the next site and that is even more dangerous, on people. To process hothouses it is possible only after the main works (weeding, an earthing up, a garter etc.) in it are carried out. After processing the hothouse should be closed on the lock and to hang up the precautionary plate. Pi in which case it is impossible to enter into a hothouse till the end of processing term (for each preparation it the).
It is impossible to carry out spraying by means of a broom or a brush. It is possible to use only rantsevy sprayers, and with a bar 1,2 m that drops of solution didn’t get on skin, to eyes or respiratory organs aren’t shorter. Processing of a site is necessary for carrying out in special clothes. For this purpose it is possible to use a cotton dressing gown, trousers or overalls, leather or rubber footwear, a cap or a cap and rubber gloves. In some cases the instruction demands to put on points, to close a mouth and a nose a gauze in 2-3 layers or to put on a respirator.
After work it is necessary to remove overalls, to wash it a laundry soap and to store separately from other. The person and hands to wash up warm water with soap, to rinse a mouth. The used ware and tools also properly to wash out water with addition of table vinegar or soap and salt solution. To store in a separate place.
Unsuitable yadoximikaty, the unused remains of solutions, water after washing of tools are necessary for pouring out in specially dug hole (depth of 50 cm) far away from a well (not less than 15 m) and to cover with earth.
(On materials of printing editions).