In article such concepts as "grade", sortozamena are considered.
Alphabet of the agriculturist
Alphabet of the agriculturist
Selection of all crops cultivated in our country is conducted by 101 scientific institutions, including and higher educational institutions, on 125 cultures.
Condition Cozdany for selection and seed farming reorganization on the market relations. The adopted Laws of Ukraine About protection of the rights to grades of plants, About seeds and a landing material created the corresponding legislative base.
Cort of plants is recognized as object of intellectual work of the person which created it. It is considered now as the goods, and the selector his owner, the owner of a product of the work who can dispose of it on the discretion, obtaining for the intellectual work the quantum reward in the form of a royalty.
The legislation forbids application by all producers, irrespective of forms of ownership and use is more whole, grades which didn’t pass test and aren’t entered in the State Register of grades of the plants suitable for distribution across Ukraine.
Now instead of concept the zoned grade it is entered new a grade brought in the State Register.
Zones on which the grade is entered in the Register are defined: Steppe, Forest-steppe, Polesye.
It is known that the potential most effectively realizes a new grade within 5-10 years.
However, new grades not always rank high in structure of crops, and sortozamena is braked. The reasons, first of all, in decrease in demand for original and elite seeds because of a lack of means at producers.
Sortozamena – the main factor of increase of efficiency and stabilization of production of raw materials for food, pharmaceutical, light industry, the wood, municipal and priusadebny services which production makes a basis of food security.
V. Sachenko, chief of state inspectorate for protection of the rights to grades of plants of Goseksperttsentr of ARK.