In article proofs of need of revival of fruit and berry branch on Ukraine are provided.
To REVIVAL ON FRUIT and BERRY OTROSLI’S NEW BASIS
Environment of Ukraine is very favorable for development fruit and berry both cultural, and the wild-growing plants being a source of raw materials by production of juice, drinks and wines.
Fruit and berry plants grow in all 25 areas of the country. Climate here moderated, mainly continental. Sum of active temperatures of 3000-3600 degrees. Chernozem soils with its most valuable nutrients (a humus, etc.) occupy the one second the areas of the territory of the power. Here within a year drops out a precipitation from 300 mm in southeast areas to 1200-1600 mm in the Carpathians.
Till 1985 the fruit and berry branch in Ukraine, as well as in other republics of the USSR, intensively developed. The areas of gardens and yagodnik reached 1 million hectares, and production of wines – to 53 million gave. In farms of Ukraine annually collected to 3 million tons of apples, pears, cherries, currants, strawberries, wild-growing fruits and berries. For the last 10-15 years the huge damage was caused to a source of raw materials and production of juice, drinks, balms and wines.
Very in due time and on the initiative authors of the Cycle of scientific works captured on a substantial scale not only the current problem questions of restoration of the plodopererabatyvayushchy enterprises, but also prospects of their development in market conditions.
For the first time in branch of Ukraine (and in CIS countries) are developed at modern level The concept of development of fruit and berry winemaking in Ukraine (Kiev, 1998) and The provision on timely requirements to fruits, berries, juice, drinks and wines (Kiev, 1994). These documents, along with increase in scales of production of plodovoyagodny production, provide actions for development of branches of their processing.
Known and in many wine-making countries the professor, the Doctor of Engineering, the academician of Valuyko in a forward to the book on technology of winemaking wrote to branches of Ukraine: That along with release of wine-making production in the book production of nonalcoholic production of the Health type (juice, phytobalms, syrups, nectars, fruit drinks) is proved is essentially important also. By results of researches drinks "Askany", "Barvi-cola"; balms "Kiev", "Ukraine" are recommended for a treatment-and-prophylactic food of the persons treated to action of ionizing radiation, and nonalcoholic balm "Ilya Muromets" is included in a compounding of a diet of the personnel of the Chernobyl nuclear power plant.
The let-out pishchevkusovy production protected by inventions and patents, contains the increased quantities of biologically useful substances: irreplaceable amino acids, micro and macromineral substances. The problem of fast extraction from fruits and berries of biologically valuable complex of connections is solved. If on the standard technology (control) the ekstraktsiya from mezgi biologically active substances proceeds within 24 hours, on the latest recommended technology – on discrete and pulse installation – in 15 minutes.
For economy of energy resources and raw materials (the electric power, sugar in number of 1200-1800 kg when manufacturing 1000 gave table wine) processing methods (pasteurization and a podsakharivaniye) are replaced with spirtovaniye reception by the – young apple alcohol a fortress of 50-70 % about. At new reception also lemon acid and sulfur dioxide are saved. The finished product is enriched with in addition aromatic substances which have passed with apple alcohol.
Quality of finished product improves also in connection with emergence of wild microflora of a mash, especially – shizosaxaromicetov, lowering concentration of apple acid.
At the International competitions and tastings new production: Gold pektoral, "Sofia", "Diamant Ukrainy", "President", "Ljubo", The honey glade, Scythian nectar, kvitiv, etc. is highly appreciated by Namisto and received gold and silver medals.
That the group of authors not only developed the Cycle of scientific works is very important also, but also finished it to the statement branch and country Managements.
All scientific and production achievements and development in Ukraine are in due time issued for the first time in monographs which are published in 1998-2006. On this subject it is necessary to send orders for books to gardening Institute to the address: Kiev, 0327, Novoselki, Sadovaya St., 6, department of technology of Institute of gardening to professor A.M.Litovchenko.
For A cycle of scientific works on research, development and introduction of new technologies, materials and the equipment for production of fruit and berry production of improving appointment Kondratenko P. In, Litovchenko A.M., To Tyurin of the Art., to Chernyavsky V.P. The presidential decree of Ukraine from 19.12.2005 of No. 1782 appropriated ranks of Winners of Ukraine in the field of a science and equipment.
S. Tyurin, professor of the Ukrainian technological academy.