To the gardener on a note
What to do, if moloyody trees bore the first fruits which on quality at all don’t suit you? Nekoyotorye is destroyed even by moroyozostoyky trees which, after a reinoculation, could become a basis of one or neyoskolky qualitative grades.
The easiest way of an inoculation kostochkovy as the deserved agriculturist of Ukraine Lilia Taranenko from the settlement Skilled Donetsk region argues: ph. (06274) 6-74-71 – an okulirovka in krone.
Here it is possible to manage even without okulirovochny or privivochyony knifes which are so difficult for getting now (in all CIS them let out only in Russia, in to Pavlovska Nizhegorodskoy of lips.). After all the guard with a kidney, with molodogo escape, is easily cut off even by an edge from safe britvy. At kostochkovy the guard is better to cut off almost without wood, length not less than 2 cm (1-1,5 cm are lower and higher than a kidney). T-shaped on a bark it is possible to make and usual, but ground noyozhy, but it is very careful, without running into wood, differently a peephole will swim away glue and pogibnet. A bark, before a guard vstavyoleniye with a kidney, it is possible to move apart and in advance vyrashchenyony, clean nails of thumbs. In an ideal, the gardener should have the good, sharply perfected, okulirovochny knife (shaves a beard – means it is ready to work).
Here some important positions.
• To learn to do an okulirovka quickly: not to dry both a bark cut, and cut off (snizu up) and inserted in razrez (from top to down) a guard with a kidney. It is better to impart at early utrenyony o’clock (the increased humidity of air). For a success guarantee, on each branch, at distance of 7-10 cm, place 2-3 guards. Okulyant at once to tie with a strip of a polyethylene film, having left a kidney open. In a month obvyazku remove.
• In krone it is better to Okulirovk to do in June-July (only in more damp areas – to nachala August) when the bark well lags behind, i.e. the cambium (a layer of cages between a bark and drevesiyony which promotes a guard priyozhivayemost "works"; it is desirable, that the cambium "worked" not menshe month, then an okulirovka vyderzhit winter). If there is a severe drought, a tree, some days before an okulirovka, follows polit. In one krone it is possible to impart some grades.
• For a reinoculation on dereve choose the best, two-year escapes (on them the prizhivayemost is more reliable), though if want pereprivit very young tree with thick annual pobegami, it is possible to apply fashionable now in nurseries an okulirovka vpriklad. But because of thicker bark on two-year escapes luchshe to apply a usual starinyony way, inserting a guard for a bark. Thanks to it, the imparted escapes in the first year of growth will be much more solid".
That they such grew, it is necessary to reduce in the spring on a tree growth of not imparted branches, to cut off to the top imparted kidney pereyoprivity branches, having covered wounds at least with margarine, and in the summer neskolko time prishhipyvat poyavlyayushhiesya "the", not imparted escapes. In the first year they are still necessary for a food of a tree and koryony. Them delete only for sleduyoyushchy year in the spring, and of the imparted escapes form krone.
• Unlike an apple-tree and grushi, it is desirable, that perepriyovivayemy trees kostochkovy weren’t more senior 4 – 5-years.
Certainly, early in the spring the tree in krone is possible pereprivit and a cheyorenok. But mnogoletyony supervision over training by this way of an inoculation showed that without the real, sharp, vaccinating knife not to manage. If its sharpening still can be mastered quickly doyovolno, primeniv the corresponding whetstone and an oselok, to learn to do a rovyony cut (instead of "hillocks", vintov, deepenings) usually it is possible only after 4 – 5-day uprazhyoneniye.
So only the summer okulirovka in krone can help out in the above described way the lyuyoby gardener…
The very important. Where to take shanks for an okulirovka in the summer? If nearby there is no nursery or scientific institution, poishhite good grades at neighbors and acquaintances.
And the last. In krone yabloni the apple-tree, in pear krone – a pear takes root only. On vishnyu (on average and silnorosly grades) it is possible to impart and vishnyu, and sweet cherry (on slaborosly cherries the imparted sweet cherries snizhayut frost resistance drevesiny and floral kidneys). It is necessary to know that the guards which have been cut off from annual escapes of a cherry, chasto, together with rostovy, soderzhat and floral kidneys. At a priyozhivleniye of the guards, the appeared rudiments of buds should be torn off, differently escape won’t be (usually there are 2-3 escapes). In krone of plum it is possible to impart both plum, and a cherry plum, but in cherry plum krone – only a cherry plum. Plum the Hungarian Donetsk is compatible with northern persikami, the last is frequent sovmeshhayutsya with an apricot. From plums to an apricot are compatible only renklody.
(On Dachnik newspaper materials).