In article recommendations about a grade choice for crops of wheat and winter barley are made. Supervision were carried out within four years. Grades of winter wheat and barley which surpassed in productivity these years are listed.
Winter wheat takes a leading place in commodity production along with a kormoproizvodstvo
In recent years the nature as specially, carries out test for endurance. Hard frosts (to-290S) are replaced by the most severe drought (to 390S), numerous during the winter change of thaw by a cold snap, late spring frosts, dry winds and all this, at deficiency of moisture, creates to plants constant stresses that is reflected in growth, development and, in resulting effect, on efficiency of grades.
So, in 2002-2003 agricultural year since autumn for winter there were extremely favorable conditions (heat, a precipitation). A sharp cold snap in December for the long period, and then cold and dry spring led to death of the most part of winter barley and to sharp decrease in productivity of winter wheat. On grades of winter barley the Mirage and the Trump the death made 90 %. Were best of all in such conditions of a grade Rising and Mikhaylo. At winter soft wheat, at productivity of a standard (An albatross Odessa) – 9 c/hectares, grades Odessa 267, Victoria, Kherson bezosty, Lyon and Kiry gave more than 15 c/hectares.
2003-2004 agricultural year was characterized in the dry autumn, late, izrezhenny shoots, repeated renewal and the vegetation termination. From April 2 to April 5 it was noted strong to – 100v air, fall of temperature and only followed then plentiful precipitation allowed plants to be restored and create a crop. And in such conditions of a grade Kherson bezosty, Kuyalnik, Lyon and Kiry was yielded a harvest of by more than 50 c/hectares.
2004-2005 agricultural year is celebrated by repeated changes of vegetation and rest. Droughty spring (the period without hozyaystvenno – a useful precipitation before cleaning made more than 120 days). Drought-resistant qualities of grades Kherson bezosty, Lyon and Kiry allowed them on 2,4 – 3,4 c/hectares to exceed a standard.
2005-2006 agricultural year is celebrated in the dry autumn, late shoots. Kushcheniye passed, generally in the winter and in the spring. A precipitation in May and June considerably improved a condition winter though created favorable conditions for development of diseases. In conditions of this year grades were best: Prichernomorsky, Poshana, Kuyalnik, Kiry, Pysanka and Prima Odessa.
Among winter barley for these years grades had stable excess over a standard: Snow-storm, Rising, Mikhaylo, Trump, Taman, Zimovy and Worthy.
Field tests allow to allocate the most plastic grades of the winter grain crops capable most to realize the productive properties in the conditions of different years in an ecological zone of the steppe Crimea.
O.Zhuk, senior research associate of department of selection, primary and elite seed farming.