In mountains there is a lot of snow, and therefore high waters are possible. What to do, how to escape from disaster. About it is in the publication.
AHEAD SPRING HIGH WATER
On the territory of the Crimea proceeds 1657 rivers and temporary water currents (beams) in the general extent of 5996 km, in an autonomy more than 300 lakes are, 23 reservoirs and more than 1600 ponds are built. In the summer the Crimean rivers as a rule dry up, but at loss of a plentiful precipitation turn into rough streams. A special place among the pavodkoopasny basins of the rivers Belbek, Alma, Kacha of the Bakhchsarai area occupy, Biyuk-Karasa of the Belogorsky area, the Subash Kirov area, Seven Kolodezey, Samarli of the Lenin area, Melek-Chesma in Kerch, and also basins of the rivers of the southern and southeast coast. Known writer-regional specialist E.Markov at the end of the XIX century wrote about the Crimean small rivers: In the summer … it is a curling tape of boulders of the different size scattered in all width of a valley between which the water thread here and there exudes…, and at times (they) fill in huts to roofs, take down trees and move the whole rocks. If somewhere at top of mountains big rains suddenly drop out or the mass of snow will thaw, water will run down a terrible avalanche and causes those big disasters what to expect them there is no possibility… .
As example of it the flood observed on the river Bodrak at the end of August, 2004, which length of only 17 km can serve. As a result of a plentiful precipitation in some minutes the high water was created by an expense of 216 m3/s that caused water level lifting in the river on 4,2 m. Inhabitants of villages Rocky and Novopavlovka where 113 houses were flooded as a result suffered, and 3 houses are destroyed completely.
The corresponding powers on protection of water objects and protection against harmful effect of waters are conferred to local and village councils. In cases of threat of elemental disasters, in particular floods, they are obliged to undertake urgent measures for their prevention, and in case of their approach – on elimination of consequences. But it according to documents, and in practice absolutely another.
For the purpose of prevention on water objects of emergence of emergency situations of technogenic and natural character in the admission of high waters the water economic organizations of Committee on water economic construction and irrigated agriculture of Council of ministers of the Autonomous Republic Crimea in 2005 performed works on cleaning of 56,86 km rusel the rivers and water currents from vegetation and deposits; are organized and prepared for work of 39 emergency crews; beregoukrepitelny works on the rivers in extent of 4,4 km are performed.
For ensuring ecological safety of the population of Ukraine, effective, scientifically reasonable use of waters and their protection from pollution, a contamination and exhaustion in the state a number of the standard and legal documents regulating the water relations operates. It first of all Water code of Ukraine.
During 2005 the water economic organizations of Committee on water economic construction and irrigated agriculture of Council of ministers of the Autonomous Republic Crimea carried out 635 checks on performance by local government bodies of the duties assigned to them in the water legislation, and also observance by legal entities and individuals of restrictions of economic activity on lands of water fund by results of which 286 violations are revealed, 193 instructions are written out, involved in administrative responsibility 113 official and individuals. 18 materials are sent to bodies of prosecutor’s office with calculation of a damage put to the state in the sum of 231956 UAH.
It is necessary to note, weather conditions of this winter created considerable snow stocks, as a result, technological dumpings from reservoirs can be additional conditions of formation of high waters. As of February 25, 2006 the snow stocks created in upper courses of the rivers, considerably exceed free capacities of some reservoirs, such as Guerrilla (snegozapasy – 24,6 million m3, free capacity – 9,4 million m3), Simferopol (13,8 million m3, 10,2 million m3), Chernorechensky (32,1 million m3, 9,8 million m3), Zagorsk (13,4 million m3, 6,4 million m3).
Therefore it is extremely necessary in this situation according to the Resolution of Council of ministers of the Autonomous Republic Crimea from 25.10.2005 of No. 458 to provide coherence of actions of executive authorities, local self-government, departments, establishments, the population for the safe admission of high waters in the spring of 2006.
A.Lisovsky, chief of the Crimean basseynovy management of water resources.