Article of the chairman of the Crimean republican Fund will support individual housing construction on the village. It is devoted to the solution of environmental and social problems on the village by means of the republican program of support of individual housing construction on the village under the name Own house.
To EACH KRYMCHANIN – OWN HOUSE
The structure of economy of the Crimea, inherited from the former USSR, consisted approximately of equal participation in creation of gross domestic product of the region: industries, agricultural industry and tourism. By consideration of social and economic projects of development of territories it was always considered that the Crimea – it not only the southern coast with health resorts or Sivash with "chemistry", but still fields and vineyards which are processed by the people providing food security of Ukraine.
For years of "nezalezhnost" there was a transformation of economic structure in favor of the industry giving more than 50 % of the budgetary receipts, and dynamically developing recreational sphere. It, naturally, should be reflected in essential deterioration of investment climate in the sphere of agricultural production and, especially, in the social sphere of the village. The village served as the investment donor for the cities and technologically more developed branches of a national economy.
As a result of reforming of agro-industrial complex the number of the formations occupied with cultivation of agricultural products, increased in 35 times and led to that in every third of them there were no qualified agriculturists and livestock specialists. Local councils had a shortage of means for the maintenance of schools, FAPov, clubs and other objects of the social sphere.
In a crisis state there was also a rural dwelling stock that is in many respects caused by the objective reasons connected with transition from rigid public administration to market economy, refusal of the state of an exclusive role of the investor, the contractor, the owner in the housing sphere. The disproportion between annual commissioning of new housing and leaving of rooms from structure of available dwelling stock reached the 4th multiple size. Only 16,5 sq.m housing is the share of one rural krymchanina. On this indicator the Crimea takes the last place in Ukraine. Annually improve the housing conditions no more than 200 rural families and only 10-15 of them – at the expense of new houses. Under individual construction more than 26 thousand land lots for which development, according to the most conservative estimates, it is necessary more than 1 billion UAH are provided.
Positively the direction accepted in the republic on increase in investments into municipal construction starts to affect. Development of infrastructure of settlements, extent of arrangement of housing, volumes of expenses for their construction and operation are defined, first of all, by existence of the centralized systems water – and gas supply. Existence on the village of natural gas or even prospect of receiving it in the next years serves as a deterrent of migration of able-bodied population and, especially, youth, stimulates individual housing construction, promotes improvement of a demographic situation on the village. However, despite an available tendency of growth of capital investments in municipal construction, improvement of development of allocated means, it is obviously not enough of them for so started branch.
About that the domestic agricultural industry is in deep crisis, speak now even on a national level. Recently only also it is audible from high tribunes: The village "chokes" without experts. There are no teachers, physicians, persons in charge of cultural and educational activities, bytovikov. The youth under any pretext escapes to the cities. Also it is truth. Villagers say that if the situation doesn’t change to the best, the village can "run wild" at all. Here also villagers, and especially rural youth, are set by a logical question: Where to take money for satisfaction at least primary requirements – in housing, work, education?.
Understanding a disastrous state of villagers, the President of Ukraine declared the current year Year of the village, are developed and some social programs are realized, volumes of budgetary appropriations increase by development of territorial bulks. The help to rural dwellers came to autonomies within the republican program of support of individual housing construction on the village under the name Own house. By its development all factors influencing increase of welfare of rural households were analysed and estimated and the mechanism is determined by a village conclusion from crisis. It consists in stimulation of participation of the population in the solution of own problems by involvement in the active credit and financial relations as it is possible bigger number of families. And a subject of motivation should become the individual housing which is under construction, reconstructed, bought or equips with modern conveniences at the expense of the soft long-term loan. For anybody not a secret that the individual housing not only allows a family to have the dwelling and the land lot in a property, but also promotes development of priusadebny farms, careful attitude to the house, labor education of children, strengthening of a family and fixing of shots on places.
Preferential character of the credit is defined by a percent rate for using by it, these are 3 % per annum, and for its repayments – till 20 years. For young and large families side benefits in the form of a zero interest rate and increase in term of repayment of the loan till 30 years are established. At the same time, considering that crediting is carried out generally at the expense of budgetary funds, more rigid demands are made to those citizens who have the right to use this credit. Employees of agricultural enterprises, personal country farms, the social sphere of the village, local government bodies, the farmers conducting economic activity within the area of residence can be them. Distinctive feature of such credit is also what to repay it it is possible not only money, but also agricultural products of own production. This condition promises additional benefit to the borrower as the vast majority of peasants "survives" at the expense of the income from a personal plot and an expense on its maintaining aren’t comparable with industrial, on the one hand, and with another, economy private sector development is stimulated, promoting market saturation by food.
Having approved in July, 2002 the program Own house, the Verkhovna Rada of the Autonomous Republic Crimea predetermined that the solution of objectives is now first of all a prerogative state and regional authorities. First, because of large volume of demanded investments into housing construction; secondly, because of considerable social stratification of society and, as a result, impossibility of the most part of the population to solve this problem independently; thirdly, because of need of guarantees from the state on an investment of individuals into housing construction.
The program is calculated on the period till 2010 and its urgency is conclusive. Need of the state support of rural population of the republic proves to be true a real situation in the solution of social problems on the village and the actual demand for soft loans which exceeds today the offer in 20 times. In lists on receiving a soft loan more than one thousand rural families already consists. Even more peasants addressed in the Crimean republican Fund to which implementation of the program, behind the financial help in gasification of rural estates is charged. For providing with their credit resources 57,0 million UAH are necessary.
Proceeding from realities of formation of the relevant budgets, the state and Council of ministers of the Autonomous Republic Crimea use the best efforts for a gradual growth in volumes of crediting. For 3 years of work the Fund allocated more than 220 credits for total amount of 2,3 million UAH. The most part of credit resources goes on gasification (45 %), purchase (24 %) and completion with high level of readiness (15 %) individual housing in the rural zone of the republic. Builders already placed in operation 2,1 thousand sq.m of new housing in cost more than 2,2 million UAH. Needing improvement of housing conditions it is acquired ready individual houses in total area of 1,2 thousand m. At the expense of the credit 15,7 km of gas pipelines are laid. In three villages practically all dwelling stock is provided with gas, and these are more than 600 yards.
In the current year it is planned to provide 2,5 million more UAH. the credits that will allow to satisfy needs for housing of inhabitants Bakhchsarai, Kirov, Krasnogvardeysky, Saksky and other areas, Trudolyubovka, Dubrovsky sat down to install gas, in Komarovk.
Is pleasant that more than a third of users of the credits (36 %), young families., At least, three more years mean (term on which the credit for gasification stands out) the village will live and work.
Despite the name Own house, credit resources are used by Fund not only on the actions connected with housing, but also on development of priusadebny farms: purchase of agricultural machinery and the equipment, young growth of cattle and other living creatures, creation of food supply for its cultivation. Considering that the main consumers of the financial help according to the program are the families which level of the income for 40 % below an average on the region, and also in view of the problems which have arisen at inhabitants of northern areas of the republic in connection with recent epidemic of bird flu, this way of support of peasants is the most actual and demanded. On its realization only this year it is planned to direct to 1,0 million UAH.
Recently tendencies on increase in investments into agricultural industry and the social sphere on the village were outlined, but their volumes are insufficient for a village conclusion from crisis. In modern economic conditions any traditional system of financing of housing construction and furthermore individual, can’t function in wide scales. Therefore the new credit and financial mechanism adapted for conditions of reforming both of construction, and agro-industrial complex is created. From this party the republican program Own house is the most adapted for a current state in the housing sphere and as shows experiment of its practical realization, optimum combines need of the population for the housing credits and its solvency.
A.Popelnyuk, the chairman of the Crimean republican Fund of support of individual housing construction on the village.
The signature under a photo: The house sheathed a siding, and it took a modern form.