In article it is noted that there are annual and long-term weeds. It is most difficult to resist long-term kornevishchny and korneotpryskovy. The reason of it is is specified in article.
Familiar strangers
At first sight, we know about them everything – even more. Than, say, a known orach, a shchiritsa or their complete antithesis – a wheat grass, the one who year from a year works at the earth can surprise with everything? Anything! But here hitch: year from a year we ruthlessly eradicate them on the bed to roots and seeds, but the spring – and they here as here comes!
In what business? It appears that business everything isn’t so simple, as it seems at first sight. Successfully to resist to an impact of weeds, it is necessary to know them not only by sight, but also features of their origin and development. And often such knowledge much from us doesn’t get.
As a rule, on the average in an economy meets to hundred types of weeds, from which most malicious – 20-25. On life expectancy experts divided them into two types – juvenile (one – and biannual) and long-term. Annual usually finish a development cycle throughout one vegetative period (from germination before formation of seeds). In turn, depending on duration of the vegetative period, them subdivide on summer wintering and winter. The part of summer weeds quickly develops in the spring and already in the first half of summer they give seeds.
These are efimer. As a rule, it is not enough of them and their harm to crops of cultural plants is insignificant.
Weeds at which duration of development same, as well as cultural plants, compete to the last for a place in the sun and litter with the seeds their grain. Existence them in crops is absolutely undesirable. To this group belong mustard field, the bitterling berezkopodobny, galinsoga melkotsvetny and others.
And here late summer weeds, developing under cover of cultural plants, often don’t reach flowering before harvesting. To them first of all, it is necessary to carry an orach white, all types of shchiritsa, mice, sporysh ordinary and some other.
Seeds of wintering annual weeds usually sprout in the spring and at the beginning of summer. They blossom and fructify till autumn. If their shoots appear in the second half of summer or in the autumn, they winter green and, otplodonosiv, finish the development in the come year. This is a kucheryavets of Sofia, a yarutka a field, shepherd’s bag ordinary, a gorobeynik field. Winter weeds – a forget-me-not field, tea, a yellow sow-thistle a prickly, yellow sow-thistle garden – winter in the form of the socket.
Throughout two vegetative periods develop the tributary medicinal, lettuce wild, a cornflower sprawling and some other.
Long-term weeds live long, breeding throughout life as seeds, and vegetative parts korenev and rhizomes. Among them are allocated kornevishchny which have underground stalks of various length (a wheat grass creeping, svinory palchaty, a horsetail field) and korneotpryskovy at which from the main root grow lateral with a set of the kidneys, ready under the first favorable conditions to give rise to a new plant. To limit distribution and injuriousness of these types very difficult. Them treat: birch field, sow-thistle field, euphorbia lozovy and some other.
The majority of weeds which grow in your kitchen garden or a field, breed seeds. And, they fructify more often very plentifully: on the average 10-15 thousand seeds on one plant. Possibilities of the separate – much bigger. Let’s say one plant of an orach white, a henbane black, a mignonette yellow can give 400-700 thousand seeds on one plant, shchiritsa ordinary – over one million, portulaka garden – within 3 million, a shchiritsa white – 6 million. As a result, at such efficiency, even on not so littered site hundreds thousands get to the soil and even million seeds of various weeds. Represent, if they at the same time sprouted! But here each time is worked by wise expediency of wildlife: these hundreds thousands and million seeds which at the same time got to the soil, never will sprout at once, and only in a certain sequence and certain parts. As a rule, they are extremely viable and can be in the soil waiting for the hour within 20-50 years (an orach white, shchiritsa, a shepherd’s bag, a sow-thistle, the tributary and others) both with what in the ways and means we against them weren’t at war, all of them equally remain ineradicable. Moreover, even having passed through a food path of animals with a forage, they not only don’t lose vsxozhesti, and on the contrary – become even more viable. Not casually very often after manure introduction the soil contamination seeds of weeds essentially increases. Therefore recommendations of experts to fertilize a field rerotting manure or humus should be perceived not as a kind wish, and as need.
As you were already convinced on a personal experience, it is extraordinary difficult to resist to kornevishchny and long-term korneotpryskovy types of weeds, as in the field, and in a kitchen garden. Often total approach to them doesn’t give obvious result. And the reason here is simple: cutting on slices of a rhizome of a wheat grass, roots of a birch field and a sow-thistle even on part which have though one kidney, we not only don’t harm to them, and we stimulate their further intensive reproduction.
(On magazine materials Protection of plants).