In this article it is noted that one of priority tasks of agrarian and industrial complex in the Crimea, is expansion of the range of essential oils. For this purpose introduction of new efiromaslichny cultures in production is necessary. Such soon can become a wormwood Taurian and a kotovnik.
mirovy the range, essential oils let out by the industry makes 180 names, while in their Crimea everything 5-7
Efiromaslichny branch one of the most profitable and high-growth in world agro-industrial complex. For the last 25 years world production of essential oils increased with 50 to 250 thousand tons per year. Efiromaslichny plants are a source of raw materials for beekeeping: collecting the honey possessing natural medical properties, reaches 180-250 kg with 1 hectare.
In comparison with other crops profitability of cultivation and processing efironosov is much higher. For example, the profit on cultivation of a sage muscat makes 4000 hryvnias with 1 hectare, roses – 3000, a lavender and a coriander – 1500 hryvnias. At application of new, complex technologies of processing the profit increases in 3-4 times.
In the Crimea traditional cultures, such as a lavender, a sage, a rose, and proved positively the last six years – a coriander are now cultivated. The world range of essential oils let out by the industry makes 180 names, while in their Crimea everything 5-7. Therefore one of priority tasks is expansion of the range at the expense of introduction of new efiromaslichny cultures. Such soon can become a wormwood Taurian and a kotovnik.
Wormwood Taurian. The wormwood oil, which price in three years rose with 8 to 25 dale. The USA, uses steady demand in the world markets. As raw materials the wild-growing wormwood growing in areas Prisivashya which stocks decrease from year to year owing to intensive operation of the areas serves. In this regard introduction of a wild-growing wormwood in culture is expedient. The institute of efiromaslichny plants already selected samples of a wormwood Taurian with productivity 10-12 Ô¡/hectare which surpass a wild-growing wormwood in efficiency at 8-10 time. The content of essential oil (80 % tujona) makes 1,2-1,5 % that twice more than at a wild-growing wormwood.
Kotovnik. The new dvukhukosny efiromaslichny culture which earlier isn’t cultivated commercially. Contains essential oil of the tsitronellovy direction which world production makes more than 5000 tn in a year. In IELR the grade of a kotovnik "Alla" which efficiency on raw materials makes 20-25 Ô¡/hectare, on essential oil – more than 100 kg/hectares is created. Let’s note that essential oil of a new grade considerably surpasses foreign analogs since contains 70-75 % citronellola, against 40-60 % at Yavsky and Tayvansky oils in quality.
The ministry of an agrarian policy of the Autonomous Republic Crimea recommends to agricultural enterprises to pay attention to new, potentially profitable, efiromaslichny cultures and to take measures for expansion of their range in agroindustrial production.
And. KOVALENKO, head of department of development of gardening, wine growing and Minagropolitika’s efiromaslichny cultures of AR Crimea.