All pluses and minuses of application of an opilochny mulch on a country site reveal.
After publication of my article in which it was told about application of sawdust and shavings for a soil mulchirovaniye, the indignant voices were distributed; sawdust takes away a lot of nitrogen on the decomposition, it is a nursery of fungi and still that that
Organic agriculture on a country site
After publication of my article in which it was told about application of sawdust and shavings for a soil mulchirovaniye, the resonance was inconsistent. Many said that sawdust, decaying take away a lot of nitrogen that they – a nursery of fungi and still that that…
Mulch, mulch who thought up you?! Certainly Nature Mother. And a last year’s grass in steppes which stood on a belt in the summer, and by spring polegla and through a layer it shpazhka and sabelki the bulbous start to make the way a shilets of cereals. And for two-submultiple, the majority from which weeds, such layer of a mulch almost a surmountable obstacle.
In the woods the role of a mulch is carried out by fallen leaves, needles and small boughs. Mighty trees with sprawling kroner there grow. If to count up quantity evaporated by leaves of trees of water and to compare to an annual amount of precipitation, big deficiency of moisture would be found. However in the woods beat keys, sources of the rivers begin. Obvious paradox? No, it is an atmospheric irrigation occurring in the cool soil in hot summer day, it is exact as on a glass surface with cool water.
So mulchirovany soils in gardens and kitchen gardens it only attempt to create a similar environment in which before intervention of the person of a reasonable plant prosper from time immemorial, without looking at that the mulch spends nitrogen and in it the undesirable microflora gets divorced.
Critics of a mulch from a wood waste, speaking about a big consumption of nitrogen on cellulose and lignin decomposition from which, in the basic wood also consists, are absolutely right. Their correctness is confirmed also by researches carried out in vitro. However in the nature results absolutely others. On researches of European "organists" – supporters of organic, prirodopodobny agriculture, at the expense of an atmospheric irrigation as light shaving doesn’t allow the soil to overheat, under a mulch layer always stable humidity, stable temperature, an open entry of air. Such mulch contains about 79 % of nitrogen about 20 % of oxygen. Whether it is ideal conditions on border a mulch soil in which billions years arose bacteria azotofiksator, developed and achieved unsurpassed skill to fix atmospheric nitrogen in the presence of oxygen and water, to transfer it to soluble forms in such quantity which suffices not only for decomposition of sawdust, but also for excellent development of plants.
It confirms also my eight-year experience. When neighbour’s dachas already fade, plants on my site strike with freshness of greens.
By the way, on the mulched site never happens dirt.
And in the relation to acidity increase my opponents are absolutely right. However anybody after all won’t argue with that in the territory of the Crimean peninsula of the soil generally carbonate and their alkaline reaction such is that acids obrazuyemy at decomposition of a wood waste didn’t suffice even in order that in eight years to lower rN to the neutral. For cultivation of some cultures, such, for example, as a blueberry or a cowberry, it is necessary to bring sulfur in the soil and regularly to water with solution of sulfuric acid with rN = 3-4. So, in my opinion, acidity increase under our conditions – not to the detriment, and in the benefit.
Concerning infection with fungi and other pathogens as the practician, I can draw the conclusions. Whether it is necessary to prove, say, that here still billions live in cubic meter of usual air dispute of absolutely different mushrooms. Or in forests and in steppes infinite quantity of mushrooms, and they to plants don’t deliver special concern, even enter into symbiosis with them and help plants to develop better the vydeleniye. And at last, the site microflora always can be corrected softly in the desirable direction by means of microbiological preparations, such as effective microorganisms EM-1 "Kyusey" or "Baikal", EM-2 "Baksib", "Gaupsin" and others. EM preparations not only improve soil microflora, but also are desirable for enrichment of microflora of a stomach and intestines of animals and the gardener and the truck farmer.
Sawdust, isn’t present dispute, has the shortcomings. It is necessary to fill up them annually as earthworms who have strongly bred in favorable conditions during the summer almost completely take away them. Probably and enough of nitrogen promotes their fast decomposition. In our district the best mulching material: straw by right is considered keeps light tone more long, doesn’t decay more long, worms because of a krupnost of straws less take away. But straw is simply inaccessible to me.
It is necessary to mean that plants more than on a half consist of carbon, instead of from phosphorus, potassium and nitrogen. Carbon dioxide which plants generally eat, in the surrounding atmosphere it is not enough – only about 0.2 %. Therefore even the insignificant increase in the contents it in a ground layer of air considerably increases a crop. The main source of carbonic acid in the nature this decomposition of the uglerodosoderzhashchy remains of plants and activity of microorganisms, which on some orders more than large animals.
Certainly, the skeptic to overpersuade – only in vain air to shake. I want to notice only that earlier when "installed power per employee" for the landowner mulch application on yagodnik wasn’t entered yet into concept of people, for example, was with itself being understood. It as, wild strawberry, without straw?! So doesn’t happen. Englishmen and called wild strawberry – straw berry, and a bed – a bed or a bed, a straw mattress, that is, in the broadest sense, a stove bench for it. I will add only that at me and on sawdust the most modern krupnoplodny and remontantny grades of wild strawberry miraculously grow and excellently fructify, from spring to late autumn on a mulch from sawdust.
N. Maksimov, Jankoi, ph.: (06564) 35697.