In article of staff of the State station of protection of plants recommendations about fight against myshevidny rodents on crops of winter crops by chemical and biological means are made.
FIGHT FOR FUTURE CROP of WINTER CROPS
Traditionally there was an opinion that winter – a rest time at peasants. However it doesn’t represent the facts. There is a number of the dangerous phenomena capable sometimes to ruin a crop of winter crops. In particular it will be a question about myshevidny gryzunax.
These rodents treat warm-blooded organisms, are characterized by high activity, big fertility, ability to considerable migraciyam. Number of myshevidny rodents is in direct dependence on weather conditions. So, during the summer period of last year abnormally dry weather promoted change of structure of vegetation, and also specific structure of rodents. This year in the Crimea predominantly develop semyaedy: house, kurganchikovy, steppe mice, and also rastitelnoyadny: public and ordinary voles. At different groups of myyoshevidny rodents unequal rate of reproduction is noted. Voles that is caused by quite early puberty are most prolific. Under favorable conditions at females maturing can attack the 20th day from the birth. Voles give in year of 4-6 dung, 10-12 cubs in everyone. All myshevidny rodents, though treat warm-blooded animals, but the temperature of their body is subject considerable izmeneniyam depending on temperature and humidity of environment. In close connection with osoyobennost of thermoregulation of myshevidny rodents there is their relation to a forage and dependence on it. For body temperature maintenance at necessary level they need rather more energy, than a large warm-blooded animal. The ordinary vole weighing 15-25 gr. eats per day a juicy grass of 100-350 % of the weight whereas the cow eats a meadow grass only 4,8 % from weight of the body.
If on one hectare of winter wheat in December there live 3 colonies of voles (on odyony pair of adult individuals in everyone), under favorable conditions by June number of voles on one hectare can make about 600 individuals.
In decrease in number of myshevidny rodents crucial importance has an agroyotekhnichesky method. First of all timely plowing of not processed fields adjacent to winter crops which deprives of shelter of mice from birds (a steppe eagle, owls, luny) and from foxes, ermines that leads to death both young growth, and adult rodents. In such a way collapse, also holes, mouse nests are turned out on a soil surface.
From chemical measures of fight the poisoned baits are used. Now means of fight against mice are presented by the following preparations: brodisan 3 gr. in a mink, rodenfos 2-3 gr. in a mink, a storm of 0,005 % wax briquettes of 0,7-1,5 kg/hectares (on one briketu in a mink, at distance of 10-15 m from each other) or ammoniac water 150-200 gr / a hole.
But the biological method of fight against myshevidny rodents is safest for the person: application grain baktorodencida. It is based on artificial infection of rodents with the bacteria causing epidemic of typhus, being overeaten from an individual to an individual. Baktorodentsid it is possible to apply at any time years at a temperature mode from a minus 25 to plus of 10 degrees of S.Gibel of wreckers comes in 6-7 days. On acquisition baktorodencida to address: Simferopol, Olenchuk St. 52, ph.: 63-25-02 Biolaboratories of the State station of protection of plants, Evpatoria ph. 5-28-63 and 5-29-62 JSC SHP NIVA.
V. Permyakov, the chief of the State station of protection of plants, N. Samchenko managing biolaboratory, A.Logvin, the agriculturist of biolaboratory.