Under a heading To the gardener on a note it is in detail told about how to update an old raspberry brake.
To the gardener on a note
For a site of raspberry it is possible to consider term of 15-20 years limiting, especially if during this time not to render a due vniyomaniye to maintenance of fertility of the soil.
There is such concept, as "pochyovoutomleniye". The reasons the tseyoly complex of factors is considered it. First, razbalansirovannost and low level of an obesyopechennost of the soil food elements. Secondly, excessive consolidation of the soil. Thirdly, decrease in the contents in the humus soil. Fourthly, the suppressed zhizneyodeyatelnost of useful microflora in the upyolotnenny soil if orgayonichesky fertilizers, and at the same time inyotensivny growth of the contents not bezopasyony for raspberry of products of a zhiznedeyatelyyonost of harmful microorganisms, korneyovy vydeleniye of weed vegetation, and also the raspberry aren’t introduced. Fifthly, nakopleyony residual amounts of pesticides, salts of heavy metals. Sixthly, a uveliyocheniye of number of the wreckers connected at any stage of of vital cikla with the soil.
In what aging reason
On the one hand, the pochvoutomleniye affects plants maliny, from the druyogy – they and change under vliyayoniy various stresses. Grows old korneyovishche – on its fabrics water and photosynthesis products because of what the land part is badly supplied with moisture and elements of a mineral food worse circulate, in root system it is less nakaplivaetsya than spare nutrients. In rezultate on roots and a rhizome narushaetsya process of a laying of kidneys, of the kotoyory offsprings and zayomeshcheniye escapes develop. A growing old rhizome and korni with a poor stock of nutritious veyoshchestvo are less winter-hardy. Nedokormlenyonye and "nedopoyenny" plants dostupyony for causative agents of diseases and vrediyotel, in particular carriers of the virusyony infection which presence chasto is defined too late. Rasyoteniye during this hidden (latent) period of development of an illness not only stradaet itself, but at existence perenoschikov is a source of a dangerous infekyotsiya. It could cause deterioration of a soyostoyaniye of a plantation of raspberry. Especially if at a grade genetically low pobegoobrazuyushchy ability.
Ways of recovery of health of bushes
To restore productivity of rasyoteniye, options can be a little.
Here one of them. In the spring at absolutely oslabyolenny bushes remove an old rhizome to stimulate gemmation on roots. For this purpose at distance of 5-10 cm from the bush center from four parties posledoyovatelno zaglubite a shovel bayonet on polyony depth, but at a small angle. The main will be as a result cut korni, and an old part of a bush together with korneyovishchy you easily pull out from the soil. Obrazovavshuyusya a hole in diameter of 10-20 cm fill up well rerotting komposyoty, the humous earth from a hotbed where grew up cucumbers, or a fertile substratum for berry cultures which sell in shops.
Other bushes, that is better, it is possible to keep not to lose some berries in the current year.
On all square of a site introduce vesyony full mineral fertilizer, soyoderzhashchy nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, close up it to the soil, small loosening top gorizont not to put big povrezhyodeniye to roots.
At appropriate leaving (fight with sornyakami, watering, loosening) where removed old rhizomes, during the summer should grow new escapes with young kornevishhami and own roots. They also will be the beginning of new bushes. Next year on young rhizomes otrastut polyonotsenny escapes of replacement. With ostavshimisya old bushes do the same proceduru, as with the first party. On a site occupied with raspberry, introduce organic and full mineral fertilizers on a rekoyomendatsiya calculated on soils with very low level of security.
If to refuse a crop this year, the described operation can be carried out with all bushes. Then there is a vozyomozhnost within two years actively to use chemical means for a podavyoleniye of wreckers and diseases.
It is possible to use the second the varianyoty. Choose the best bushes and vykopajte them with the greatest number of roots, that is with the maximum volume of the soil with the roots placed in it. The old soil accurately, but carefully shake, trying not to injure korni. Lower roots for 30-40 minutes in the pochvenyony talker. Prepare it, adding water to the humous soil while the mix won’t be on a consistence, as liquid sour cream. Zayotem plants will land on well podgoyotovlenny site. At good leaving they will successfully get accustomed, and by autumn it is possible to receive some offsprings for zakladki a new site on beforehand podyogotovlenny place.
The third option – early in the spring at the best bushes get to the bottom by means of a shtykovka (instead of shovels) of two-three main koryony. Without pulling, and loosening the soil on a root course, extend probably its most part. Without drying, cut from it root shanks in length of 8-12 cm, zhelayotelno, that on everyone one kidney (white bugorochek) was appreciable at least. Lay shanks in in advance dug in a hotbed with a rich fertile soil of a groove depth of 5-8 cm, water them and fill up with the soil. At good leaving by autumn will grow good landing material. This way allows to keep temporarily old bushes which yield a harvest to the introduction in fructification of again put raspberry brake.
(On Hozyain newspaper materials).