In a note it is a question of use for purification of milk of filters and centrifugal a separator coolers. To receive milk with high sanitary and technological properties it is necessary to clear and cool qualitatively it right after milking. For this purpose use two ways of cooling of milk: in a stream and in capacious tanks coolers for cooling and milk storage.
Introduction on farms of the equipment proved on parameters of capacity and capacity of tanks coolers, will give the chance to receive milk of appropriate quality and to avoid superfluous costs of its cooling.
UDC 631
Mechanical pollution of milk occurs generally in milking because of poor-quality sanitary preparation of an udder, in case of falling of milking machines and a zasasyvaniye of mechanical impurity in system molokoprovoda that considerably reduces quality of milk.
For purification of milk use filters and centrifugal separators – coolers OM-1M. Capacity of a cleaner in the unit with the milking machine makes 14,3dm3 / mines, and during milk collecting of flasks – 19,9dm3/minute. A lack of it such as cleaners is that they have no system of automatic removal of a deposit and circulating washing of a separator. On modern milking machines with molokoprovody milk is cleared in a stream by means of the Adm.09.200 filter with a filtering element of disposable use, but its filtering ability is insufficiently high.
To receive milk of high sanitary quality, the subtlety of its cleaning at level 20-40mkm is necessary. It is found out that lavsanovy and kapron fabrics detain the smaller amount of mechanical impurity, than nonwoven filters is considerable.
For receiving milk with high sanitary and technological properties it is necessary to clear and cool qualitatively it right after milking. On farms use two ways of cooling of milk: in a stream and in capacious tanks coolers which are intended for cooling and milk storage. Tanks, in turn, are divided into tanks with an intermediate hladonositel (cooling by ice water) and direct cooling. Tanks with an intermediate hladonositel treat ROM-1,6 and ROM-2,5 development of JSC Ndifermmash which production by orders carries out JSC Bratslav and Karlovsky mechanical plant. These tanks provide performance of engineering procedure of cooling and milk storage, however concede to analogs RPO-1,6 and RPO-2,5 productions "Kurganselmash" (Russia) on power consumption and weight.
The successful design with direct system of cooling was developed by JSC Ndifermmash together with JSC Agromash (Kiev). These are coolers OMB-1,8-01 on 1800l and OMB – 1-01 on 1000l, however their mass production isn’t mastered yet.
The technical characteristics of these tanks coolers is given in tab.1
Table 1. Technical characteristics of tanks coolers
For today in Ukraine wide demand for the equipment for cooling and storage of milk of leading foreign firms, as is observed: DeLawal (Sweden), Westfalia (Germany), Frigotecnica (Italy), Pako (Belgium), Meko (Netherlands), Serap (France), etc.
At the majority of coolers of milk of these firms the most economical system of direct cooling is applied.
On a design this equipment is divided into two types: tanks of open type and tanks of the closed type (tanks). All capacities and elements of the equipment which have direct contact to milk, are made of high-quality food steel.
Tanks – coolers of open type have a form of the vertical cylinder with a cover; make of two types: with supply voltage 220 and 380V and a range of capacities from 1000 to 1950 l.
Coolers of the closed type let out in the form of cylindrical or elipsopodobny tanks in capacity from 885 to 33000l. They are more effective in use, than coolers of open type.
Tanks – coolers have the computer monitoring system and managements of engineering procedures of cooling, storage of milk, washing and disinfection.
Size of expenses of the main time for cooling 1c milk obratnoproporcionalna to percent of use of nominal capacity of the tank of a cooler. Costs of time of cooling 1c when using tanks in big capacity are much lower some milk, than use of coolers of small volumes. So, in case of use of coolers in capacity 1000l costs of time of cooling 1c milk make 19,00-23,8 minutes, and at capacity 5000l – from 5,74 to 8,00 minutes.
So, in an economy before getting a cooler of this or that capacity, it is necessary to consider daily amount of milk, a mode of its sending from a farm on milk plant and to define such nominal capacity of the tank which can be used with the greatest percent.
Introduction on cattle-breeding farms of the equipment proved on parameters of capacity and capacity of tanks coolers, will give the chance not only to receive milk of appropriate quality, but also to avoid superfluous costs of working hours of its cooling that in resulting effect increases production efficiency of production in an economy.
(On Propozits_ya magazine materials).