Article is devoted to receiving the biogas, the most ancient power source, the most widespread way – an anaerobny sbrazhivaniye. In it it is told about receiving biogas from processing and recycling of animal husbandry, plant growing, the food industry and a household waste and a precipitation.
Article is intended for people of the nontraditional sources of energy interested in use and is of interest for laymen.
Anaerobnoye a sbrazhivaniye – the most widespread way of receiving the biogas, the most ancient power source
Anaerobnoye a sbrazhivaniye – the most widespread way of receiving the biogas, the most ancient power source. It applied in Assyria till the X-th century B.C. and to XVI of an eyelid – in Persia. And in the XVII century Jan Baptista Helmont the first assumed that combustible gas is allocated from a decaying biomass. Waste raw materials – and suddenly such necessary product from it?
Today to receive biogas it is possible first of all from processing and recycling of animal husbandry, poultry farming, plant growing, the food, spirit industry, a household waste and a precipitation. In problems of development of biogas technologies, creation of the equipment, installations and stations in Russia are engaged in several organizations: Mosvodokanal, Academy of municipal services, VIESXe, in again created firms: JSC Center, "Ekoros", JSC Oktyabrskaya ptitsefabrika, JSC Green-Velt and others.
Two technologies on processing of a waste of poultry farming are shined. One affects since 1987-1988 the October integrated poultry farm of Glebovsky PPO of the Istrinsky region of the Moscow region. The station processes every day 10 t of the chicken dung deleted by mechanisms makes to 1000 m3 biogases and to 30 t of non-polluting fertilizers. The second technology developed by JSC VNIIKOMZH, is connected with processing of the dung deleted by hydrowashout (JSC Ptitsefabrika Tsentralnaya, the Vladimir Region). A daily exit of drains – 480 m3 at humidity of 92 %.
The new era of biogas technology in Russia began with appearance of new rural owners farmers and well-founded peasants. It was required to create and master production of biogas systems of small capacity and easy-to-work.
Such installations are developed by JSC Center "Ekoros". It is individual biogas installation for country family IBGU-1 and independent biogazoenergeticheski the block – the BIOEN-1 module for a farm or cattle-breeding farms on 25 heads of cattle. Such installations work in a number of regions of the Russian Federation, and also in Kazakhstan.
At the KRS "Poyarkovo" cattle-breeding complex of joint stock company of Iskra agrofirm of the Solnechnogorsky region of the Moscow region the independent biogazenergetichesky BIOEN-1 block module on processing of a waste of 20-25 heads of KRS is placed in 1994 in operation. Quantity of being processed raw materials there – to 1 t/day of a waste at humidity of 85 %. A biogas exit – 40 m3/d. Quantity of the developed electric power – 80 kWh. tension 220-380 In, frequency – 50 Hz. 230 kWh of thermal energy is per day developed. It is enough of it for heating of 120-140 sq.m living spaces. Besides it turns out to 1 t/day of liquid non-polluting organic fertilizers.
The biogas technology already surely wins popularity in agricultural industry. Demand for biogas installations grows in recent years thanks to development and introduction of installations of increased reliability, need for production of organic quality fertilizer.
(On magazine materials Rural machine operator).