In article it is told about revival of dairy cattle breeding in ARK, about the measures accepted for this of Mines of APP and the district state administrations of the Crimea.
The leading role in providing the population with food, the decision socially – economic problems in society is played by animal husbandry and first of all dairy cattle breeding which in a complex influences volume of production of agricultural production and on lifting of economy of farms.
However for the last five years, owing to the objective and subjective reasons, the dairy cattle breeding of public sector of the Autonomous Republic Crimea underwent negative changes. Number of cows in agricultural enterprises of an autonomy decreased from 31,5 thousand heads in 2004 to 12,2 thousand heads in 2006 or for 62 %.
As of November 1, 2007 the livestock of cows decreased to level of 11 thousand heads. The greatest decrease in number of dairy cattle allowed in farms Soviet and Bakhchsarai (for 50 %), Dzhankoysky (for 41,7 %), Belogorsky (on 40 %), May Day (for 33,3 %) areas, and the livestock of cows in the Krasnoperekopsky area is completely liquidated.
On two – three agricultural enterprises, engaged in dairy cattle breeding where number of cows doesn’t exceed 100, remained in Bakhchsarai, Kirovsk, the Soviet, Belogorsky, Nizhnegorsky, Black Sea areas. Only six of 175 agricultural enterprises of the Autonomous Republic Crimea contain 400 and more cows.
Current situation in branch of dairy cattle breeding is fraught with negative consequences:
– ground resources of an autonomy aren’t updated because of deficiency of organic fertilizers, operation and increase in specific weight grain, reduction of fodder grounds that reduces fertility of the earth and its value thus proceeds;
– there is a serious threat of competitiveness of a dairy source of raw materials of the Crimea at the accession of Ukraine to the WTO;
– the branch "grows old" physically and morally because of low level of mechanization of productions, lack of milking machines of new generation. It became unattractive for youth,
– possibility of selection and breeding work, its basis – selection and selection of the best animals is narrowed.
The cabinet council of Ukraine adopted on March 1, 2007 the resolution No. 348 About the statement of the Order of use in 2007 of the means provided in the government budget for development of animal husbandry by which the special grant to agricultural enterprises for a gain of a livestock of cows (at a rate of 1000 UAH is provided. for the head), on purchase of netel and dairy cows (3000 UAH. for the head) and a gain of a livestock of cows to the farms having 400 and more cows (3000 UAH for the head).
Mastered the allocated state grant only 10 agricultural enterprises in which the gain of cows made 402 heads, and one of farms by which 46 netel are bought.
Didn’t master the special grant of agricultural enterprise of the Bakhchsarai, Belogorsky, Dzhankoysky, Kirov, Krasnoperekopsky, Nizhnegorsky, Soviet, Simferopol and Black Sea areas.
The council of ministers of the Autonomous Republic Crimea takes necessary measures for public policy performance in questions of stabilization and further development of dairy cattle breeding. On October 10, 2006 the resolution No. 515 About prospects of development of dairy cattle breeding was accepted. The analysis of the orders accepted by the district state administrations on implementation of this resolution showed that within 1 month from the moment of receipt orders on the matter only were accepted by the Kirov, Nizhnegorsky and Soviet regional state administrations.
After six months orders are accepted by the Dzhankoysky, Krasnogvardeysky, Krasnoperekopsky, May Day, Saksky, Simferopol and Black Sea district state administrations. From 14 district state administrations the question of development of dairy cattle breeding was considered only on boards Simferopol and Krasnoperekopsky.
The ministry of an agrarian policy of the Autonomous Republic Crimea carries out continuous monitoring of a livestock of cows in agricultural enterprises of an autonomy and supervises task performance on increase in number of cows at the end of the year.
Analyzing economic indicators of development of branch, it is necessary to note growth of purchase prices of milk to level of 2006 for 40 %; in November of the current year the minimum purchase price makes 1420 UAH. for ton, and maximum – 1740 UAH. Leading farms of the republic sell milk to the processing enterprises only the premium at the price of 2600-3000 UAH. for 1 ton at product cost from 800 to 950 UAH. for 1 ton.
It is necessary to note high level of profitability of production of milk in 10 months 2007 in JSC Partizan and JSC Shirokoye of the Simferopol area, UO PPZ of Frunze NAU and JSC Krymsky of the Saksky area, SPK Red glade of the Black Sea area and in some other agricultural enterprises.
Given results are received in farms at the expense of creation of strong food supply (in structure of cultivated areas forage crops make 30 % and more, introductions of progressive technologies of feeding, the contents and milking of cows; improvements of receptions of cultivation repair telok, high level of selection and breeding work.
The ministry of an agrarian policy of the Autonomous Republic Crimea sovmestnos managements of agroindustrial development of the district state administrations considered the draft of the resolution of Cabinet council of Ukraine About the statement of the Order of use in 2008 of the means provided in the government budget for development of animal husbandry and directed the offers on improvement of the Order of registration and payment of surcharges to agricultural producers of all forms of ownership.
With a view of further development dairy skotovodstvaplaniruetsya special surcharge for an available livestock of cows of the dairy direction for January 1, 2008 with gradation of its number.
Let’s remind that an indispensable condition of payment of grants is identification of cows and livestock registration in bodies of statistics and in village, settlement councils.
Century TYSHKEVICH, deputy minister of an agrarian policy of AR Crimea.