As to the farmer cattle breeder to equip a dairy farm

In article recommendations about the milk production technology are made at the besprivyazny maintenance of cows on a deep laying. Farm parameters for the maintenance of 10 cows and production of 50 tons of milk in a year are specified.

Professional advice

Professional advice

In the Crimea more than two thousand farms are, but plant and grow up animals only in every fifth of them. Such ratio developed as a result of agrarian and industrial complex reforming and again to plant animals big financial and material inputs are necessary. First of all on construction and reconstruction of rooms, and also purchase of a uterine livestock and the equipment. Besides the animal husbandry – branch labor-consuming, demands the long period from the beginning of cultivation of cattle before receiving finished product.

And still in an autonomy there are many farms which and under present difficult conditions successfully go in for animal husbandry, however, among them there is no large farm in which really would go in for dairy animal husbandry. It occurs mainly because many don’t decide to overcome the developed stereotype at a choice of technology of the contents, feeding and receiving finished product.

Optimum for a family farm it is possible to consider dairy herd as number from 10 to 30 cows. It at the bezprivyazny contents which demands much more smaller expenses of work in comparison with the fastened.

In the Crimea positive experience of the maintenance of cows on a deep laying in the facilitated room is stored at kruglogodovy same siloso-senazhny type of feeding. Experience testifies that cows well feel even at fall of temperature of external air to a minus 150-200C, thus decrease in their efficiency wasn’t observed. Such combination of technology of the contents, feeding, and also purposeful cultivation of young growth allowed to receive annually from a cow within 5-6 thousands kg of milk.

Considering a price environment on the bought milk, it is necessary to achieve, that each cow gave in a year of gross output on 8-8,5 thousand hryvnias. At smaller volume the maintenance of cows will be unprofitable.

Important factor for a farm – production of organic fertilizer, which at this technology from each cow it is possible to receive 5 tons per year and if to involve in processing of manure of the Californian worm, 2,5 tons of a biohumus.

Farmers at a choice of a room can recommend technology of the besprivyazny maintenance of cows in the facilitated room in the following option:

Plan

Explication of rooms

1. Rooms for cows with a deep laying – 70 sq.m

2. A room for milking – 15 sq.m

3. Dairy and washing – 15 sq.m

4. A stall for otela – 12 sq.m

5. A stall for calfs about two months – 8 sq.m

6. A canopy for feeding of cows – 60 sq.m

Technical and economic indicators

1. Capacity of a room for cows, the heads – 10

2. Capacity of a room for calfs, the heads – 5

3. Annual production of milk, c – 500

4. The building area – 180 sq.m

5. Quantity of workplaces – 1.

Main technological decisions

The farm is intended for production of milk. The maintenance of cows – besprivyazny on a deep laying; the maintenance of calfs about two months – on a deep laying; efficiency of cows – 5 thousand kg a year; milking of cows – the milking machine; distribution of forages – the self-propelled (manual) cart; a poyeniye – the general autodrinking bowl with heating in the winter; room cleaning – the bulldozer, four times a year.

Building from a shell rock, partitions, doors, windows – from a tree, a roof – wavy slate.

The state program provided essential support of the village. From the State budget of Ukraine on animal husbandry development, in particular, dairy cattle breeding, considerable money are allocated for increase in a livestock of dairy cows. Since 2005, the state grants to agricultural enterprises of all forms of ownership on purchase a telok, grown up by the population and received from artificial insemination. There is also a grant for reduction of the cost of cost of a dose of a seed of manufacturing bulls.

According to the demand of farmers specialists of the Crimean state agrarian educational advice center will give more detailed information and the practical help directly in farms is rendered.

V. Kondratenko, head of department of animal husbandry of KGA UKTs.