Article is devoted to new reversive crushers of grain. In it it is told about simplicity of their design, application of only four serial hammers against 80 available in similar crushers. The novelty has special demand at farmers and owners of small part-time farms.
Article is of interest for experts of agricultural formations of various form of ownership.
UDC 631
Crushers for grain can be divided into two groups: reversive and with a unilateral reversing of a rotor. The main advantage of reversive crushers is that at operation of one party of hammers it is enough to change the direction of turns of a rotor for what interchange the position of two plugs of windings of the electric motor that is inadmissible to do in crushers with unilateral rotation of a rotor where for restoration of working capacity it is necessary to dismantle, and then to put to the place of nearly 80 pieces of hammers. That it to make, it is necessary to stop for a long time crushing process that causes essential losses. In comparison with bezreshetny crushers which twice – are three times more expensive, than developed and in which the contents unnecessary in derti a dust exceeds 20 %, and the module of crushing can’t be adjusted that increases energy consumption. Reversive crushers give only 5 % of dust fraction, and the module of crushing is smoothly regulated by a gap between hammers and a sieve or fast installation of a sieve with the corresponding openings.
The reversive crusher consists of the bunker under which the elektorodvigatel to whom the crushing chamber with a rotor planted on the end of a shaft of the engine is attached is vertically placed that excludes dimensional klinoreklamny transfer. On a rotor disk on axes hammers for material crushing sharnirno are established. Under a rotor the sieve and a target cone for the direction of the crushed weight in the bag suspended to a cone or other capacity is fixed. All this design is mounted on a tripod.
In operating time in the bunker grain which is dosed out by a zaslonka in the chamber where it is split up to the corresponding standard depending on diameter of openings of the established sieve is filled up and through a cone is deduced from a crusher.
Simplicity of a design, application of only four serial hammers whereas in analogs their quantity reaches 80 pieces and more belongs to advantages of reversive crushers. The working zone of crushing – 3600, than is reached effective use of volume of the small-sized crushing chamber. The small sizes, especially after tripod dismantle, and weight (50-100 kg) give the chance to transport it everything. Unification of details promoted creation tiporyada crushers productivity of 250-1300 kg/hours.
By results of five years’ production tests, a number of advantages of reversive crushers was revealed. Their small dimensions (the area 0,6 sq.m, height of 1,5 m) give the chance to establish the unit in any place of a room and on processing lines of preparation of compound feeds and premixes. Updatings are developed for three – and single-phase currents that suits owners to whom connection of a three-phase current economically isn’t favorable.
Thus the crusher with the single-phase engine joins in the ordinary socket, and doesn’t demand high qualification of the consumer. The novelty has special demand at farmers and owners of small part-time farms.
The system of dispensing of materials promotes crushing of all types of grain, including to an average contamination: hay, the whole ears of corn without their lushcheniye and food spices (a bay leaf, pepper, etc.). From grain receive dert the different module of crushing for hens, cows, pigs. And if to establish the corresponding sieve, it is possible even grind a flour with bran for a batch of dietary and medical bread and pies for a food of people. In composition of compound feed it is necessary to add 5-10 % of a vitamin flour which can be received from the qualitative hay crushed by a reversive crusher.
To crush grain, in particular corn for hens, it is possible without a sieve owing to what productivity considerably increases.
In general sieves can be changed in 5 minutes, and hammers in 20 minutes after the crusher will process 200 t of bread. The sieve in case of hit of nonmetallic subjects which weren’t caught by a magnet as it is placed sideways from hammers which, in turn, can deviate doesn’t make the way also. Thanks to small quantity of hammers and their symmetric placement practically there is no vibration that is difficult for reaching in analogs.
Specification of the developed innovative family of reversive crushers is given in the table.
Parameters of reversive crushers
If crushers of bigger productivity, are necessary more reliably and much cheaper to establish some developed: if one fails, there will be for using the second.
Electric motors use in capacity of 1,5-7,5 kW with paws, flange or combined and with synchronous frequency of rotation of a shaft of 3000 rpm.
The carried-out tests confirm considerable design, operational, innovative, cost, etc. advantages of the developed family of reversive crushers.
(On Propozits_ya magazine materials).