In article recommendations about carrying out autumn and spring a scrap are made. Also here ways of decrease in krone of tall trees are offered.
The known scientist and researcher I.V. Michurin in the course of care of a garden advised: "a knife and a saw not to let go, but to behave with these tools cleverly and carefully".
Autumn and spring – two periods when follows obrezat trees. Though there are, so to speak, "new michurinets" who advise sweet cherry, a cherry, plum to cut off in the summer. And for decrease in krone – to cut trees as speak, under "boxing", that is to cut off a krone half. That it means – rasyoskazhy below.
Autumn and spring scrap
Crown it is necessary, first, correctly sformirovat, depending on breed, type, a grade, even cultivation places. And, secondly, constantly to support it: to thin out, shine, release from superfluous nagruzki, to reduce or on the contrary – to extend up, when nayosazhdeniye zagushheny, as on present country sites.
Then really a knife and a saw never to let go. But it doesn’t mean what to cut trees it is possible both in the summer, and in the winter. Absolutely not! There are two periods scraps derevev: autumn and spring. They are studied, scientifically proved, rekomendovany and them it is necessary to adhere. Mistakes won’t be.
It is possible – autumn a scrap. But to do it follows not later, than a month before earth freezing so that on cuts was in time increase kallyus and wounds cicatrized. Or to cut off in two steps: in the autumn – on extended, and in the spring – on smooth penek. Trees thus, pereraspredeliv nutritious and plastic substances on the remained branches, will better winter, and in the spring will actively go to growth.
At spring a scrap of a wound heal quicker and luchshe. But many nutrients which would go on crop formation are spent for it. Besides, spring a scrap causes big losses of juice if it overdue, and also breaks balance of a deyatelyyonost of a root and elevated part of a tree in that case when a scrap excessive that also affects noryomalny growth and fructification of trees.
Special attention it is necessary to give degrees scraps, that is to quantity of the branches removed from krone. On different etapax growth it should be different. On young trees it is necessary to delete only the curves, the weaved branches rubbing or growing in the middle of krone, and also to thin out obyorastayushchy branches for the best illumination of krone. Trees of advanced age should be released from dry and povrezhyodenny branches, what are interwoven into kroner of the next trees or it is excessive zagushhayut own krone. To delete big skeletal branches not only it is not desirable, but also in general it is harmful: the imbalance of a deyoyatelnost of root system and an elevated part of a tree besides is caused.
As to summer and winter scraps of trees, here prevail negative consequences. As, say, at the same time with increase in a laying of fruit kidneys and productivity increase – umenshaetsya the size of fruits, their konditsionnost, a lezhkost, etc. Winter a scrap very labor-consuming also it is undesirable, wounds after winter scraps, especially big, zazhivayut it is bad.
Decrease crowns
Ways of decrease in krone of tall trees is much. It is shortening of the central conductor and tops of skeletal branches, formation of raskidisyoty krone, an inclination and procrastination of branches, etc. All of them effektivny under a condition if them was able and it is clever to apply.
Aspiration to decrease in krone of a fruit-tree, especially in recent years as if an infection, extended everywhere. A few years ago on garden sites under Vinnitsa half reduced almost all fruit-trees. On country massifs brigades of "masters of a saw", dazhe mechanical, everyone cutting off on trees without an exception wandered. Also there was no clever person who would stop this barbarity.
After all trees, having lost, in effect, the main, osveyoshchenny part of krone and having felt life threat, right there awakened sleeping kidneys and skeletal branches densely acquired "tops". The same happened on root system which gave young growth. Trees on two – three years prekratili fructification, and separate – absolutely withered.
Such is, unfortunately, price of the unreasonable address with a saw about what I.Michurin warned.
I think, as in other regions it is possible to observe the poyodobny. Profitable business nowadays, as an infection, rasprostranyaetsya, despite borders and distances. And that it sometimes does irreparable harm, "to experts from a saw" is indifferent. The main thing – money!
Unfortunately, that occurred, didn’t serve as a lesson. Some owners continue polovinit trees: if only fruits grew, as speak, near by. And they on the bottom shaded branches don’t grow, and if grow, don’t manage to ripen. Whether it is so necessary in such a way snizhat crowns? I consider – isn’t present!
G. Skoryak.
(On magazine materials the House. Garden. Kitchen garden).