In article there is a speech about use for 2005 of irrigated lands in the Krasnoperekopsky area and concern of specialists of management of a water management about decrease in economic efficiency of production of agricultural cultures on meliorative lands is stated. Recommendations about stabilization of use of branch, reconstruction of meliorative systems and to increase of productivity of grown-up agricultural cultures are made also.
The Krasnoperekopsky area is located in the north of the steppe Crimea where cultivation of crops long since depended on a fluke of nature: droughts could destroy crops of the agricultural cultures cultivated in this region
The Krasnoperekopsky area is located in the north of the steppe Crimea where cultivation of crops long since depended on a fluke of nature: droughts could destroy crops of the agricultural cultures cultivated in this region. Only the irrigation can provide and guarantee stable crops of crops.
After arrival to the Krasnoperekopsky region of dneprovsky water meliorative systems on the area of 37 thousand hectares here were constructed, but in recent years the areas of watering of lands are considerably reduced. According to protocols of the intentions, the offered area of watering in 2005 should make 20,9 thousand hectares, and actually made 14,8 thousand hectares because of insolvency of farms. Contracts on services in water supply with a part of farms didn’t consist.
As a result from the plan of waterings are excluded already during a row of years: JSC SPKK "Ear" and SAC "Titan" – 2764 hectares, ChAF "Magazinka" – 3400 hectares, SPK "Sivash" – 3172, SOOO "Northern" – 882 hectares, JSC Dnepr-agro – 1704 hectares, FKH "Agris" – 1593 hectares.
Sad fact. The unique meliorative system which during our difficult period appeared not demanded is constructed.
To receive stable crops of zernokormovy cultures, it is necessary to restore crop rotations, having watered with dozhdevalny equipment which should be carried out round the clock. In this connection at pump stations multipurpose counters of the electric power are established. Efficiency of use of multitariff counters at the correct organization of a machine irrigation within days the essential. Feature of the multitariff account consists that the consumed electric power on zones of time of day is summarized. The economy in 2005 made 29,9 thousand UAH.
Except forage crops, vegetables, as a part of grain crops in the area grow up very valuable culture – Earth fig., taken away under it at construction of rice systems, generally waste, at the water area of the coast of the Karkinitsky gulf. Therefore a problem, radically, economic activity of agricultural enterprises influencing economic results, especially our prisivashsky zone is a restoration and maintenance of fertility of the salted lands. Rice is a hi-tech culture and that it is ecologically favorable to grow up it, it is necessary to spend not less than 2-3 thousand UAH. on 1 hectare. Only thus the crop will be within 60-70 c/hectares of grain, as well as received more than 20 years ago. It is necessary to consider that the lack of phosphorus influences rice at young age therefore it is necessary to consider that the additive of this element increases resilience of rice to adverse conditions. At prosperity of phosphorus at the moment of germination efficiency increase is provided, kushcheniye and flowering process, and behind them maturing is accelerated. It is necessary to protect this culture from weeds, wreckers and diseases.
Implementation of these requirements provided high productivity of rice in farms:
– SOOO Perekop’s Storm – 74,2 c/hectares;
(Head A.A.Aleksandrov);
– ChSP "Field" – 53 c/hectares;
(The head – the Item of Shestakovsky).
Average productivity of rice on the area made 47,5 c/hectares.
Costs of water of 1 hectare of its crops in these farms made:
– in SOOO Perekop’s Storm – 24,3 thousand m3;
– in ChSP "Field" – 24,1 thousand m3.
Design productivity of rice in the area is received for 93,1 % of a cultivated area, and on irrigated lands – all agricultural cultures – for 91,6 % of the area, including grain – for 94 % in SOOO Perekop’s Storm, JSC Dnepr-agro, SPK "Nady", JSC Agro-Lyuks, design productivity of grain crops is received on all cultivated area.
So let’s answer a question – whether the irrigation is necessary for the Crimea? – Yes! It is necessary!
Therefore the Resolution of Cabinet council of Ukraine No. 412 from 02.06.05 was prepared. About financial support of production on irrigated lands in 2005 and the Order of the Ministry of agrarian and industrial complex of ARK No. 20 from 11.04.2005 About use of budget funds of the Autonomous Republic Crimea on actions rural and forestry in 2005. The state compensated cost of the consumed electric power used on watering of agricultural cultures and cultivation of fig.
It is necessary to pay attention that the occurred changes in agricultural industry left the mark and on a water economic complex not only in our republic, but, in particular, and in our area. If in 1984 the water intake in system made 629,4 million m3 at the area of watering of 36,0 thousand hectares including rice – 8647 hectares, in 2005 it made 375,3 million m3, and the area of watering was about 15 thousand hectares without fig.
The special concern causes a condition of an intereconomic and intraeconomic network in experts of irrigated agriculture. More than 10 years the irrigation was insufficiently financed from the state budget of Ukraine, and funds for reconstruction of rice systems are necessary, it is necessary to carry out facing of channels, to provide increase in efficiency of systems.
Krasnoperekopsky management of a water management accepts water and transfers to other systems not only to needs of an irrigation, but also drinking to the cities of the Crimea, in the Intermountain reservoir. Via the Razdolnesky rice channel she moves on an irrigation to Razdolnensky, Black Sea, May Day and Saksky areas. Are annually conducted preventive and works on network repair. In 2004-2005 repaired a hydraulic engineering construction "Aqueduct" which Chatyrlyk (a construction of 1996) is on the RRK channel over the small river. For ensuring capacity in 153 m3/seconds four more ferro-concrete trays of rectangular section, were mounted by length of 72 m. Capital repair of "Aqueduct" was necessary for elimination of a filtration and elimination of other factors influencing safety of use of this object. For performance of capital repair from the state budget of Ukraine the sum of 184,6 thousand UAH was allocated. Now prime reconstruction on the area of 4,0 thousand is required. hectare, including JSC Dnepr-agro – 1046 hectares, SOOO Heroes of Sivash – 1572 hectares; KFH "Agris" – 814 hectares; ChSP "Field" – 570 hectares.
Restoration of dozhdevalny equipment is necessary. If according to the project for watering of the area of 37026 hectares 252 dozhdevalny cars, available in 2005 were provided, them was only 79, actually watered 45 DM.
For a favorable mode of an irrigation the satisfactory meliorative condition of lands is necessary also. It is necessary to restore drainage pump stations, to ensure functioning of drainage systems.
For preservation of meliorative funds we should unite everything, both water users, and ekspluatatsionnik, and village councils as the purpose at us one – to save up irrigated lands and to support meliorative networks in working condition.
And. LISOVSKAYA, deputy chief of Krasnoperekpsky UVH.