Article is devoted to energy saving questions at heating of water for household needs, heating of a hotbed and on heating. In it it is told about the device of the elementary solar power plant which consists of two main parts: solar collector and heat accumulator. They can be made independently.
Article is intended for the people aspiring as much as possible to use for household needs and on heating nontraditional sources of energy, and is of interest for laymen.
Article is devoted to energy saving questions at heating of water for household needs, heating of a hotbed and on heating
Article is devoted to energy saving questions at heating of water for household needs, heating of a hotbed and on heating. In it it is told about the device of the elementary solar power plant which consists of two main parts: solar collector and heat accumulator. They can be made independently.
Article is intended for the people aspiring as much as possible to use for household needs and on heating nontraditional sources of energy, and is of interest for laymen.
Solar collector
From two boards knock together a box in the size of 1500x750x100 mm. In the top edges a quarter for a glass insert should be chosen. Outside to edge of a box beat iron strips for installation of the second glass. A bottom and walls of a box paste over with a polyfoam layer in thickness about 20 mm (PVA glue). An internal cavity of a box paint black oil paint (previously 1 l of paint mix about 1/3 pieces of the laundry soap dissolved in a small amount of water; the necessary in this case opaque oil paint) as a result will turn out. Outside a box cover with any paint for external works. In it strengthen a radiator of a solar collector. It represents a serpentine tube from copper or brass with internal diameter not less than 15 mm. Each knee of a tube it is put on 15-20 copper angular levels. Both exits are connected to water pipes. A radiator of a solar collector start to do with U-shaped sections of tubes. Them bend by means of the device similar to the device for a bend of water pipes.
When bending U-shaped sections of tubes that their rectilinear parts remained straight lines, use (as levers) two auxiliary tubes of a little bigger diameter.
Prepare angular levels. The cut preparations (yet not bent in a corner) put an equal pack and clamp in a vice. A drill equal on diameter to U-shaped tubes, drill at first one opening. In it exhaust (for fixing of levels in a pack) a piece of a tube of this diameter, a pack of preparations level, again clamp in a vice, drill the second opening. Then each preparation in a vice bend in a corner.
Begin section assembly. For both ends of an U-shaped tube put on an angular level. Using highly active gumboil (LETI-120 type), solder a level to a tube in both places of their connection. Thus fix serially all angular levels. Having collected all sections, and them in a collector do 7-8, connect them, accustoming to drinking sections connecting tubes.
On both days off of a tube napaivayut being self-aligned plugs adapters (with which mixers incorporate to water pipes) and via couplings connect a collector to water pipes.
Glasses of a collector put on special putty (structure in mass parts): chalk sifted – 50, minium iron dry – 30, drying oil natural – 18-20.
The accumulator of heat do so. A barrel in capacity of 20 l place in a wooden box and carefully teploizoliruyut. For this purpose on a bottom of a box stack a crosswise wooden support and put all free space in a support mineral felt (cotton wool). A barrel put in a box on a support and all space between a barrel and walls of a box fill with mineral felt. Thickness of an isolating layer everywhere not less than 80 mm. A demountable cover of a barrel warm matrasiky with mineral felt (its thickness too 80 mm). Five pipes approach to a barrel: two – from the solar collector, two from a radiator located in a hotbed (at a shower and kitchen food the top pipe is blocked by the gate, to the bottom pipe in a barrel connect a rubber hose with a float) and one pipe from a water supply system. On the last in a barrel establish the entrance valve from a drain tank of a toilet bowl. The water drainage tube at this valve is extended to the bottom barrels.
Solar collector have on a support in the place protected from a wind with heat accumulator. The surface of a solar collector should be perpendicular to sunshine at noon. Therefore a solar collector with the accumulator of heat don’t connect rigidly to water pipes, and in a gap they are put by two pieces of a rubber hose of suitable diameter. When heating hotbed from a solar power plant it is necessary to make inputs of pipes and to establish in it some lamellar radiators. The type of radiators, their number, temperature in a hotbed are defined experimentally. Supply of warmed-up water in a hotbed regulate the gate. All pipes going from a solar collector to the accumulator of heat and from it to a hotbed, should be carefully teploizolirovany. For this purpose them wind with mineral felt (thickness about 50 mm), from above roofing felt and fix everything a wire.
(On newspaper materials To Fermerska a hospodariate).
Since January, 2005 each new house built in Spain, should be supplied with a solar water heater which allows to save the fuel going on heating of water for household needs and heating.