In article it is told about injury prevention measures in agricultural industry. Data on industrial injuries, road accident and fires are provided in the ARK agro-industrial complex for 2005 in comparison with 2004.
DATA
for traumatism prevention
Last year at the enterprises of agro-industrial complex there were 47 accidents in which 49 people were injured, including one is deadly (in 2004 – 57 accidents, including 3 deadly).
High level of a traumatism is noted in areas: Krasnogvardeysky - 11, Nizhnegorsky - 9, Dzhankoysky - 6 ( including 1 deadly), Saksky and Simferopol on 5 accidents.
In too time any accident isn’t fixed in the Black Sea and Soviet areas.
Loss of the working days of disability from 47 accidents made 1788 persons/days that on 330 persons/days it is less, than in 2004.
The factor of weight of accidents for 2005 at the enterprises of MINAP of the Crimea made 36,5 (in 2004 37,1).
The reasons of a traumatism it is possible to call the following: the admission to work without training and examination of requirements of labor protection, stay on a workplace in an alcohol intoxication, falling from height, unreliability of means of production, out-of-pocket work of individual protection, lack of a protection of mobile details of driving transfers, motor transport arrival, violation of labor and production discipline.
One of the traumatism reasons this extremely insufficient financing of labor protection on agricultural enterprises – working is the share of one on the average 26 UAH. in a year. Many heads of farms allocate funds on FROM by a residual principle that in result and leads to industrial injuries.
Difficult there is in areas a situation with fire safety. Last year the number of fires decreased. The material damage from them however increased: 4 fires the material damage from which made 122,3 thousand UAH are registered. (for 2004 of 9 fires – a material damage – 4,0 thousand UAH.)
The emergency situation on roads continues to remain the difficult. For 2005 broke traffic regulations of 712 drivers of the agrarian and industrial complexes enterprises (in a state of intoxication 91), it is fined public officials for release of drunk drivers 39, for release of faulty vehicles 241. As a result by drivers of the agrarian and industrial complexes enterprises it is made in 2005 of 6 road accidents in which 5 people are wounded.
Such became possible because heads of the enterprises, engineering services don’t supervise systematically technical condition of cars and mechanisms, pretrip medical examinations of tractor operators-drivers, drivers of motor transport aren’t carried out, their annual training and examination of bases and provisions of labor protection aren’t organized.
Implementation of requirements of the order of Gosnadzorokhrantrud from 04.12.2000 of No. 72 About a ban of operation of tractors not equipped with elektrostarterny start of the engine from a cabin moves ahead very slowly. According to annual checkup, for 10.01.2006 from 82286 our autonomies of tractors available in agro-industrial complex, the system of electronic start equipped only 3216 cars.
Quite often in a holding time or equipment repair on platforms with a bias, machine operators neglect fixation of mechanisms by means of the protivootkatny emphasis which is putting under wheels and and a caterpillar of a tractor.
Such negligence leads to death of workers. And therefore it is necessary to discuss constantly these questions during training and instructing of workers. Public officials shouldn’t pass by similar violations.
Often at maintenance or equipment repair workers, breaking safety requirements, perform works, being under the lifted and loose cars or the mechanisms established on the casual – supports. And it after all is very dangerous. The unit on such support can not resist, here to you and accident.
Public officials the enterprise should trace cases violation of safe methods of work and take measures to their elimination.
It happens that fuel tanks or tanks in which legkovosplamenyayushchy substances were stored blow up. Therefore welders and organizers of works should remember that welding of capacities not cleared from parov inflammable substances isn’t admissible.
Workplaces of watchmen should be properly equipped. Training of security guards to labor protection bases, control of their discipline should be constants.
According to foreign and domestic researchers, professional traumas and emergencies in 80 % of cases are caused by a human factor (erroneous actions of the person) and only 20 % – malfunctions of equipment. Therefore, for the prevention of failures and traumas, first of all, it is necessary to pay attention to this factor. Workers it is necessary to teach to work safely and not to create critical situations.
The purpose and problems of training can be such: studying of new equipment and the production technology before their introduction, studying of new rules, instructions, normative documents instead of cancelled and become invalid, studying of actions and behavior of the personnel in emergency, extreme situations, working off of receptions of actions, formation of necessary skills.
Level of safety of each worker on production depends on level of its vocational training, the organization of labor protection, extent of observance of labor and technological discipline.
Foremost task of heads of an average control link (the foremen managing farms etc.) – distribution of people in a place and a type of works according to their qualification, carrying out instructing in labor protection at works, providing with serviceable means of production, observance of systematic control of quality and safety of works.
Technical training and periodic examinations – important components of system of labor protection on production. They are closely connected with a human factor, demand a close attention and effective use of all means of protection.
Death of the worker on production – the testimony of full irresponsibility of the employer in providing safe and harmless working conditions.
Labor protection in agricultural industry – important social and organizational motive of improvement of its conditions. It would be desirable to recommend to heads of farms for stimulation of experts of all ranks and levels of management to enter the following indicators of encouragement and punishments for a labor protection condition:
– good knowledge of requirements of labor protection: continuous and strict observance by their all workers, members of a link, brigade, economy offices; absence throughout reporting to the period of failures, traumas, fires on a workplace;
– the contents in proper condition workplaces, production objects, means and instruments of labor, observance of requirements of technological and labor discipline, decrease in number of days of disability because of traumas and occupational illnesses in comparison with last period, existence (absence) in the reporting period of concrete actions for improvement of working conditions and their performance, the timely accounting of expenses for carrying out actions for labor protection and reliability of the report on industrial injuries and occupational illnesses.
In the conditions of the strengthened outflow of a manpower from agricultural branches, sharp reduction of capital investments, exclusive value gets different introduction of incentives, organizational and social and psychological actions etc., not demanding any considerable an investment and means. But it provided that efficiency of labor protection on workplaces from these actions considerably raises.
The period of spring and field works for employees of agricultural enterprises the most intense. In comparison with winter months the number of workers occupied on manual operations, first of all on processing equipment, on sowing campaigns and other machine and tractor units increases that objectively increases traumatism possibility.
Among victims during carrying out spring and field works at Minagropolitika Ukrainy’s enterprises in recent years, by number of victims assistants go on a level with drivers of cars, take the third place after tractor operators-drivers and watchmen. More often during this period there are accidents at arrivals, falling, collisions.
From the beginning of spring field works the number of arrivals increases by vacationers. Such cases were last years and in the Crimea.
Considering that arrivals happen in the absence of the organization in field conditions of safe places for short-term rest, food intake and protection against bad weather, organizers of production should take care of providing workers during group works in the field mobile household carriages.
Proceeding from the analysis of the reasons and circumstances of a deadly traumatism in previous years in spring and field works it is necessary for heads to pay attention on:
– strengthening of labor and production discipline;
– the organization of instructing, training on FROM and professional selection;
– ensuring appropriate control and supervision of labor protection;
– the organization of places for food intake and rest in the field;
– not to allow release to the line of faulty vehicles;
The measures set forth above don’t demand considerable financial, labor and material inputs, but will help to save up life and health of the working.
Heads of the enterprises are obliged to remember always that they, according to the legislation, bear an individual responsibility for providing safe and harmless working conditions on production. Therefore in the spring, in the summer, in the autumn when agricultural works are most intensive, it is necessary to strengthen control of carrying out instructing in labor protection, observance by workers of safety rules on workplaces.
If heads of agricultural enterprises are responsibly treats performance of the duties on creation of safe working conditions of rural workers, many tragedies can be avoided.
Labor protection – business grateful if it seriously to be engaged and who doesn’t understand it, or doesn’t want to understand, that deeply is mistaken.
DATA
about industrial injuries in agro-industrial complex of the Autonomous Republic Crimea for 2005
(in comparison with 2004)
V. GRIGORIEV, the chief specialist on labor protection, fire safety and safety of traffic of MINAP of ARK.