Article indicates what wreckers and what diseases it is necessary to expect soon on winter crops. Recommendations about fight against these wreckers and diseases are provided.
The precipitation which has dropped out at the end of August created conditions for development of the grain ground beetle. Its first larvae appeared on fruit drop shoots, number varied them from 1 to 8 and more copies, especially on that field where there were straw remains. Such number of larvae on shoots of fruit drop shows force of biological activity of the wrecker.
For October 26 of the current year from the surveyed 126 thousand hectares. with larvae of the grain ground beetle 4.6 thousand hectares are populated, from them 0,562 thousand hectares (The Black Sea, Saksky areas) are processed.
At present period of validity of toksikant ended, therefore to experts of farms we recommend to pay attention to fields of winter crops, especially poseyanny on sternevy predecessors. As in the food centers average number of the ground beetle makes 1-2 larvae on sq.m, at an economic threshold of injuriousness of 0,5-1 pieces on sq.m.
Larvae of the grain ground beetle eat shoots winter only at night and at temperature S.Na’s 0 degrees shoots in a look shilets the wrecker are higher eats on ryadka. On more raskustivshixsya crops at a food of larvae are noted pleshiny. Therefore heads of agricultural enterprises should know that under favorable conditions injuriousness of the wrecker can proceed during the whole winter period.
Due to warm, soft weather during the autumn period ochazhny injuriousness winter and wheaten a scoop in crops of winter crops is expected. Preparations against this wrecker correspond to preparations against the grain ground beetle.
At number of the grain ground beetle of 0.5-1 pieces on 1kv.m., and winter and wheaten scoops at threshold number of 2-3 pieces/m of quarter, it is necessary to carry out ochazhny and continuous processings by preparations: Bazudin of 60 % for century of river of-1.8 l/hectares, Bi-58 new, 40%k.e-1.5 l/hectare, Volaton, 50 % k.e-2.0 in l/hectare and other resolved preparations according to "list"…
Not less important wreckers are myshevidny rodents. Though at present their settling on the winter grain isn’t revealed, their migration from preservation places however is expected. During the summer period myshevidny rodents remained on irrigation lands of propashny cultures, near sprinklers. During the autumn period the most widespread house, steppe, kurganchikovy mice, the public vole are expected.
We recommend to carry out regularly inspections, to make a zatravlivaniye of myshevidny rodents on long-term herbs, roadsides of roads, in forest belts (for the prevention of settling myshevidny winter grain). At achievement of threshold number myshevidny on winter grain 7-10 veins/holes, 1-2 colonies, it is necessary to carry out processings Rodenfosom, Ratindan, the Storm, Mouse death and other resolved preparations.
Due to the sharp differences of temperatures during day and night time, and also precipitations, at inspection of crops it is necessary to pay attention to such diseases of winter crops as mealy dew, a brown sheet rust, gelmintosporioz, septorioz. In case of manifestation of these diseases it is necessary to carry out processings by the following preparations. At temperature +7-+ 14 degrees should be used Fundazol 0,5¬ú/hectare, and at temperature of 14 degrees and higher to carry out processings of item Bayleton’s preparations of 25 % of page, 0,5¬ú/hectare, Impakt of 25 % k.s. 0,5½/hectare, Rex Duo k.e., 0,4-0,6 l/hectares
Experts of farms should remember that only continuous carrying out inspections of fields and control of their fytosanitory condition, and also timely carrying out protective measures will allow to keep crops of winter grain crops.
V. Permyakov, chief of the State station of protection of plants, S. Kindruk, manager of laboratory of forecasts and diagnostics.