The owner of the farmstead holding cattle, the experience of a kormoprigotovleniye forgotten nowadays will interest, probably
Forages always should meet the requirements of an organism of an animal completely
Forages always should meet the requirements of an organism of an animal completely. In the winter when they arrive not from a field, and from stocks, their equation on nutrients is especially appreciated. And in general, the main requirements are well-known, it is a poyedayemost, a perevarimost and comprehensibility.
Nutritiousness of forages is measured by fodder units. In 1936 in the Soviet Union at the third congress of cattle breeders 1 kg of oats of high quality which was eaten by an ox on was taken for fodder unit fatten and thus in his body 150 grams of fat were postponed. Such unit oat was called. In a consequence, in 1963 at session VASXNIL new fodder unit was accepted. Called it power – EKE. However oat it didn’t replace.
It is necessary to notice that influence on production of dairy and meat production is rendered not by fodder units, and their interrelation with a perevarimy protein. The lack of the last of everything in 12 grams, at carrying out researches by us at us on a breeding farm in state farm plant "Grape" of the Simferopol area, entailed an overexpenditure of 1 centner of fodder units on a gross yield of milk of milk. In 1990 at a gross yield of milk of milk of 10783 centners the overexpenditure of fodder units on 1 centner of milk made 0,22 centners, and all was spent too much their 2372 centners, lost thus 1868 centners of milk.
The great influence on dairy efficiency of cows renders also the contents in a cellulose diet. In one year I created two groups of cows firstcalf heifers one of chosen from good, another – from averages on efficiency of cows. An animal of the first group put in a diet on 16 % of the cellulose, the second – on 23 %. The gross yield of milk from the first group for 10,5 % is higher, than from the second. And it occurred during that period when straw on farms izvestkovali, soared, considering that such preparation increases the contents in it fodder units. It appeared that its poyedayemost improved. It yes, but fodder units didn’t increase at all.
By drawing up of a daily diet it is necessary to consider need of an organism of an animal for amino acids and vitamins, fodder units, solid, a perevarimy protein, cellulose, fat, starch, sugar, phosphorus, calcium, a lysine, metionine+cistine and vitamins. Besides, in concentrates, at a skarmlivaniye, we added the premixes intended to cattle.
Were convinced in practice that at thoroughbred cultivation of dairy cattle of Red steppe breed it is possible to receive very high yields of milk of milk and additional weights on fatten if, of course, to feed animals with quality sterns. Such cost dearer, but at us in an economy kormozagotovitel were able at the expense of increase of productivity, reduction of terms of cleaning, a right choice of a phase of development of plants for a skashivaniye (lucerne cleaning, for example, not in a butonizatsiya phase, and in a phase of green beans that increases nutritiousness of this forage).
Me surprises, why now, with elimination of collective farms and the state farms, so valuable to animal husbandry development experience of preparation of forages on a scientific basis is forgotten.
And. MINES, livestock specialist, Kolchugino of the Simferopol area.