In this publication the order and the seed farming organization in Ukraine is described. The normative documents concerning seed farming are specified: The act of approbation of high-quality crops, The certificate of a konditsionnost of seeds, The certificate on seeds etc
Recently in Ukraine in general and in AR Crimea in particular to seed farming it is given particular attention. In the state the legislative base for development of selection and seed farming of crops in which the direction of formation of branch is defined is created. These are Laws of Ukraine About seeds and a landing material, About protection of the rights to grades of plants, About quarantine of plants, State standards on plants: Seeds of crops. High-quality and sowing qualities – DSTU 2240-93 and Seeds of crops.
Methods of determination of quality – DSTU 4138-2002, the State Register of grades of plants, the State Register of producers of seeds and a landing material, the Instruction on approbation of high-quality crops.
Let’s stop on the Law of Ukraine About seeds and a landing material. It contains the basic provisions regulating production, realization, use of seeds and a landing material of agricultural plants on which the state standards defining legal relations between producers and consumers of seeds are approved. According to this Law the state control in the field of seed farming is assigned to the State seed inspections. Their inspectors on seed farming carry out control of activity of subjects of all forms of ownership and managing which are engaged in production, preparation, processing, storage, realization and use of seeds and a landing material of agricultural plants concerning observance of methodical and production requirements by them on ensuring high-quality purity, biological and fruitful features of a grade, and also sowing qualities of seeds and a landing material, behind maintaining documentation of high-quality crops, hybridization sites, behind the correct sampling on determination of sowing qualities of seeds and a landing material, behind paperwork on high-quality, hybrid and sowing qualities of seeds, behind introduction of seeds and a landing material in a turn.
Not to allow legislation violation in the seed farming sphere, it is necessary for subjects of managing to know the following:
First, high-quality seeds are those which belonging to this or that grade of a crop is certified by the relevant documents. Konditsionnye seeds – seeds, high-quality and which sowing qualities meet the requirements of normative documents. Sub-standard seeds – the seeds which are not answering on quality indicators of the requirement of normative documents.
Secondly, according to section 4 of article 18 of the Law of Ukraine About seeds and a landing material, seeds and a landing material put into circulation after their recognition by state authorities of management and control in seed farming that proves to be true the relevant documents of the established form. According to State standards of DSTU 2240-93 and DSTU 4138-2002, such documents are: The act of approbation of high-quality crops, The certificate of a konditsionnost of seeds, The certificate on seeds of Ukraine, The certificate on seeds, The certificate on seeds, The certificate on hybrid seeds.
It is necessary to note:
The certificate of a konditsionnost of seeds stands out to the producer only on the konditsionny seeds intended for intraeconomic use. It give out to the producer of seeds on the basis of these analyses of regional state seed inspection and The approbation act.
The certificate on seeds of Ukraine stands out to the producer a regional gosseminspektsiya only on the konditsionny seeds intended for realization within Ukraine, on the basis of these analyses and The approbation act stands out on each party (control unit) separately. On such main cultures as winter wheat, winter barley, summer barley, oats, rice control unit makes 25 tons.
The certificate on seeds stands out to the consumer the producer of seeds – on original and elite seeds and only on the basis The certificate on seeds of Ukraine. The certificate on seeds stands out to the consumer the producer of seeds – on seeds of reproductions and only on the basis The certificate on seeds of Ukraine. The certificate on hybrid seeds stands out to the consumer the producer of seeds – on seeds of the first generation of hybrids, again only on the basis The certificate on seeds of Ukraine.
Approbations are subject all crops of grades (hybrids) of crops which are entered in the State Register of grades of plants of Ukraine and are intended for use on the seed purposes or pass production tests. Realize seeds only those subjects of managing who according to the Law of Ukraine About seeds and a landing material passed certification can and received the Passport on the right of production and realization of seeds, and also those subjects who obtained the license for wholesale trade in seeds.
In the third, according to Art. 22 of the Law of Ukraine About seeds and a landing material, use on crops of seeds which aren’t checked in laboratories according to their competence or don’t meet the requirements of normative documents, it is forbidden and, according to item 1.3 DSTU 2240-93 section 1, the seeds which are not checked in the State seed inspection or not answering to norms of a standard, to crops aren’t allowed. For violation of an order and conditions of conducting seed farming, namely production, preparation, marking, casing, storage of seeds for the purpose of sale without observance of methodical and production requirements or their realization without quality certificates, and other introduction in a turn of seeds with established order violation is equal, attract penalty imposing on citizens to five tax-free minima of the income of citizens and on officials – from seven to twenty tax-free minima of the income of citizens. For attraction to administrative responsibility of the persons guilty of violation of an order and conditions of conducting of seed farming, there is enough establishment of the fact of illegal act (formal structure).
I.Hrapaty, chief Gosudarstvennoysemenna of the inspektsiiavtonomny Republic of Crimea.