In article there is a speech about modern scientific and reasonable rationing of feeding of pigs, the detailed principle of rationing on concentration of nutrients is given in 1 kg of solid of a diet. Diets for young growth of pigs, structure of diets of various type are given when feeding suporosny sows and podsosny sows in the winter period.
UDC 636
According to modern scientific and reasonable requirements, rationing of feeding of pigs is carried out on 50 indicators and more. It is considered more effective the detailed principle of rationing on concentration of nutrients in 1 kg of solid of the diet, developed by academician A.P.Dmitrochenko.
At application of the detailed norms of feeding it is necessary to consider security of a diet with a protein, need of pigs in which rather big, and it should be quality.
Irrespective of the accepted type of feeding diets should be balanced on amino acids, taking into account their availability to an organism.
To increase factor of transformation of protein of a forage in protein of a body of an animal, it is necessary to provide diets with irreplaceable amino acids – a lysine, methionine and triptofany.
Important reserve of increase of productive action of a protein – equation of diets on mineral substances, and first of all in them should be sufficient crude ashes, calcium, phosphorus and other elements.
It is established that the feeding of animals limited in certain limits promotes decrease in expenses of a forage on unit of a gain of their live weight and to receiving hulks of the best quality in comparison with feeding in plenty. Therefore to the separate age periods of animals the following standards of a skarmlivaniye are recommended to them forages: on reaching live weight of 50 kg – 90 %, with 50 to 70 kg-92 of %, at mass of 70 kg and more-85 than a % from quantity of forages consumed in plenty. Such scheme is applicable at the high-concentrated balanced diets of feeding of pigs.
Questions of feeding of these animals on the basis of application of polnoratsionny specialized compound feeds for separate groups are most effectively solved. At uninterrupted supply of an economy by compound feeds need for drawing up of diets, the organizations of works on rational and economic use of various groups of forages available in an economy disappears. Calculations of daily requirement for compound feeds (kg on 1 animal per day) the following: male pigs – producers of 4-4.2 kg; suporosny sows-2.8-3.2; podsosny sows – 5-5.3; repair young growth-2.4-2.6; pigs in live mass of 16-19 kg – 0.7; pigs in live mass of 16-19 kg – 1.3-1.5; pigs of the first period – 2.5; pigs of the second period otkorma-2.8 kg.
Requirement at pigs-otjemyshey in separate nutrients and biologically active substances on 1 kg of live weight of a body surpass need of adult animals. It speaks their rapid growth, big losses of heat, intensity of all types of a metabolism. The recommended diets for young growth of pigs are given in table 1.
Table 1
Diets for young growth of pigs (kg on 1 animal per day)