Country and priusadebny gardens all different. One are created only for an esthetics and remind city parks, others yield also some fruits, the third are created by collectors of plants. There are fans as, for example, Gennady Kornilovich Gerasimov from Nizhnegorsk, carried away by exotic plants and grades. Is and thirsting to receive the greatest income from the minimum area. All versions of dachas and estates not to list, how many owners – are so much versions. But it is desirable for all of them to adhere to a golden rule: to count only on the forces and possibilities, not to establish the hobby of problems to members of the family.
‘^ Unfortunately, about priusadebny and country gardening (it is few, special literatury^/If as is, o*n* napisanSHH^ experts of industrial gardening or experts parkovoj* architecture:’ Rrebov
Country and priusadebny gardens all different. One are created only for an esthetics and remind city parks, others yield also some fruits, the third are created by collectors of plants. There are fans as, for example, Gennady Kornilovich Gerasimov from Nizhnegorsk, carried away by exotic plants and grades. Is and thirsting to receive the greatest income from the minimum area. All versions of dachas and estates not to list, how many owners – are so much versions. But it is desirable for all of them to adhere to a golden rule: to count only on the forces and possibilities, not to establish the hobby of problems to members of the family.
Unfortunately, about priusadebny and country gardening of special literature it is few. If as is, written by experts of industrial gardening or park architecture. And many years tracing popular gardening literature from being published in the territory of the former Soviet Union found useful only to them one author – the agriculturist with the academic education, specializing on country gardening (Dachevodstva) – Nikolay Ivanovicha Kurdyumov. By the way, he lives on Kuban, in the region close on climatic conditions to the Crimea.
Being engaged in gardening in steppe, northern to the Crimea, in Jankoi, for some years gained some good practice. Probably complete use of that solar energy which directs, the nature on my country site was the main idea, the direction of its accumulation. The second precondition to collect as it is possible a big collection a plant and their grades which in our climatic zone manage to be grown up successfully. So in my garden there were cultures – from a ranetka and a guelder-rose to aziminy and a kiwi. For this purpose it was necessary to create over an intensive garden.
That for this purpose it is necessary
In several articles in the newspaper I want to impart experience readers of creation of an intensive priusadebny garden. First, with receiving (purchase) of the thrown site don’t rush to dig over or plow up it at once. It is not necessary to harm to the soil and for the means and precious time. It is enough to level the earth mattocks go, if means allow, to walk a mill, but isn’t deeper, than on 5 centimeters. Such depth of processing allows to keep capillary conductivity of moisture from deep layers of a subsoil. After such processing it is possible to set all area of a site with wild strawberry or vegetables. (How to grow up krupnoplodny garden wild strawberry I already wrote in The Crimean truth in 2005 to No. 194 and 204, I will not repeat).
By autumn the wild strawberry will well develop and moleno to start planting of trees. Here certainly there can be a question. How it is possible to plant trees on wild strawberry? So all plantation can be ruined! A question reasonable if to put – dvukhletka on silnorosly stocks in "wells" in diameter of 50-60 centimeters and depth 70 see. First, we are going to create an intensive garden and, therefore, we will put trees on slaborosly stocks with compact root system. Secondly, in, the majority of cases stocks on which inoculations on a place become are put or put okulyanty. Thirdly, to put in big holes an intensive garden on my belief – harmful practice which results in periodicity of fructification of apple-trees. Though my opinion doesn’t match at all with classical, it is quite explainable. In a hole of large volume with any udobritelny additives the sapling develops powerfully as in a flowerpot, it has nothing to develop roots, punching the surrounding dense soil, all nutrients are in a hole. A food here still will suffice for 2-3 years. The classics recommends to tear off in the first year of flowering flowers that the tree developed as though the purpose of the gardener – to grow up wood for a bath, instead of fruits even more strongly. Firewood is grown up absolutely by other people – foresters, they are experts of this business and know better as it to do, than gardeners.
For 4-5 year such akselerat violently blossoms and plentifully fastens fruits. The implicit follower of classics certainly, heard about settlement of a crop a little and rejoices when apple-trees break branches from a crop. But by this time nutrients run low in a landing hole, roots in surrounding space aren’t open, and forces young akselerata will suffice only on cultivation of underdeveloped fruits, and on cultivation of plodonosny educations for next year they already aren’t present. The next year – almost without a crop. The tree "has a rest", that is grows up incredible number of plodonosny educations that in the next year again to torture itself to semi-death an unreasonable crop. Also went, went – that is empty, small fruits there is no place to put. So there is a legend about periodicity of fructification of an apple-tree. Actually, the main reason it – our greed and carelessness. Some years with excellent success I plant trees (stocks, okulyanty, coevals) by means of 120 millimetric drills, in rare instances, if the free space, a shovel allows. A shovel I use very seldom. I arrive as follows: a construction trowel or a shovel otgrebayu a mulch, baring the soil on a place where the sapling will be planted, the formed naked platform obkladyvayu 3 pieces of DVP 80 on 80 centimeters, leaving open uchastochek for the drill or a shovel. On one piece of DVP I stand and I rotate the drill, and on 2 pieces of DVP I put the taken-out soil. Having drilled or having dug out the necessary Shubina’s wells, I start landing. Certainly it is better to use strong plywood or board boards, but at me so it turned out, near at hand there were pieces of DVP, and they serve some years.
Pole – a well I do not prepare in advance, and it is concrete for each sapling directly ahead of landing. Just dug out, I immerse in a pole, a trowel to a half I fill up with the soil, I pour 2-3 liters of water, a sapling I establish at necessary height after that a pole completely I fill and I condense the soil. The place of an inoculation should remain from a surface approximately at palm height, otherwise, having appeared in a layer of a damp mulch, scions can be formed the roots and pass to a food from them, influence of a slaborosly stock will stop and the scion will expand till the normal, natural size.
The planted sapling, if necessary, I adhere to in advance established peg. On it I dress from above a piece of a plastic bottle that the stake was primetny that the "clumsy" visitor didn’t break. Kolonnovidnye saplings in infancy so are a little appreciable among greens of cultures covering the soil that it is necessary to fence them with 2-3 pegs, to reduce their ends together, forming piramidka and to put on from above to bank or a piece of a plastic bottle. Here, to trample saplings, it is necessary to put special diligence, but there is a shortcoming – wasps nest in banks and bottles, it is necessary to poison them with a dichlorvos periodically. I transfer to a new place pieces of DVP, earlier otgrebyonny mulch I return into place. Neither to rubbish, nor a dust as though here anybody also wasn’t trampled down and didn’t stir the earth.
N. MAKSIMOV.
Jankoi.