In article it is said that temperature increase of air promotes the stretched exit from wintering and to development of wreckers and diseases. The list of diseases and wreckers on commercial, vegetable, fruit crops and grapes is provided.
The FORECAST of DEVELOPMENT AND DISTRIBUTION of the MAIN WRECKERS AND DISEASES of Agricultural CULTURES IN FARMS of the CRIMEA IN MAY, 2006
According to data of Hydrometeorological center of the Crimea, the next 2 decades of May moderate increase of a temperature mode will promote the stretched exit from places of wintering and to development of wreckers.
Mnogoyadnye wreckers
In crops of cereal cultures injuriousness of provolochnik, lozhnoprovolochnik, podgryzayushchy a scoop will proceed. In the second decade of May it is necessary to expect ochazhny development of a meadow moth, an exit of larvae of Italian prusa from wintering places in a zone of cretaceous mountains of the Bakhchsarai, Soviet, May Day areas, in a zone of Sevastopol. In the steppe regions of the Crimea podgryzayushchy scoops will continue to harm. In emergence of 6-8 leaves of corn it is expected years of a corn moth and otkladka of eggs. When settling by it a yaytsekladka of 17-18 % of plants, it is necessary to hold destructive events.
The exit of a bug of a harmful cherepashka from wintering places in fields of winter and summer crops will have disjointed character. Mass resettlement of the wrecker and his yaytsekladka it is necessary to expect by the end of the second decade of this month. The economic threshold of injuriousness of the wintered bug and carrying out destructive actions makes 1,0 pieces/sq.m.
By the end of the I decade of May development of larvae of the grain ground beetle ended.
During the whole month a food, a yaytsekladka in crops of winter crops of a pyavitsa krasnogrudy will proceed. Otrozhdeniye of larvae in weight is expected in the second decade. At identification of 3-5 pieces of larvae on sq.m it is necessary to hold destructive events.
Cool weather with differences of temperatures, and also availability of moisture will promote a food of a cereal plant louse, grain flea beetles, a tsikadok, miners.
During the whole month the otkladka of eggs, injuriousness of larvae of the Swedish fly will proceed years.
Development and injuriousness of a black wheaten fly will proceed within the first two decades of month.
Years of a grain pililshchik, tripsov, it is expected from second decade of May.
In corn crops in 3-6 leaves mass injuriousness of cereals a tsikadok is expected.
Weather conditions of May will be favorable for development on winter crops root gnily, septorioza, mealy dew, a brown sheet rust.
Long-term herbs, commercial crops
On beet shoots, in fields of a rape sveklovichny and krestotsvetny flea beetles, rape cvetoed, rape listoed will continue to harm.
There will be shoots of sunflower and on fields it is necessary to expect universal injuriousness sandy medlyaka, ochazhny injuriousness podgryzayushchy a scoop.
In lucerne crops to a hay crop within May mass injuriousness of bugs, larvae of the sheet lyutsernovy weevil will proceed.
Wreckers and diseases of vegetable cultures
On potatoes shoots within a month will eat, postpone eggs from which there will be larvae, the Colorado beetle.
In crops of a garden radish, early cabbage, on semennik of krestotsvetny cultures the cabbage plant louse, krestotsvetny flea beetles will continue to harm.
In the second decade of May in crops of onions it is expected mass years and a yaytsekladka of an onions fly, chemical actions are recommended to be carried out only in summer of the wrecker.
Wreckers and diseases of fruit crops and grapes
Within May in semechkovy gardens fruit listovertka, pincers, cvetoedy pililshchik, and after flowering – mining moths will continue to harm.
Roughly mass years and the yaytsekladka of a yablonny plodozhorka will be it is noted in the second decade of May. The stretched wavy development of this wrecker will be promoted by cool weather.
Everywhere in gardens development of a green yablonny, peach, plam plant louse is expected, and years and a yaytsekladka of a cherry fly should be expected at the end of the second decade of May.
From diseases in semechkovy and kostochkovy gardens it is necessary to expect: manifestations of mealy dew, parshi, monilioza, kurchavost of leaves of a peach, klyasterosporioz.
On vineyards at the end of the first decade of May everywhere began mass years of a grozdevy listovertka, however the yaytsekladka will begin only at promotion of inflorescences.
On the appearing sheet device of grapes during the whole month a food Crimean skosarya will proceed; in the centers development of a web tick, grape zudnya will be noted.
At achievement of a gain of 15-20 cm on grapes and leaves in diameter – 3-5 cm (the I-II decade of May), we recommend to carry out preventive processings against mildyu.
V. Permyakov, chief of the State station of protection of plants, S. Kindruk, manager of laboratory of forecasts and diagnostics.