Article is devoted to expediency justification to undertaking of own business on cultivation of commodity pork in the conditions of a country economy. Reasonable calculations for room arrangement, acquisition of a livestock and compound feeds, economic calculations of payback are given in it for receiving profit taking into account development of intensive technology of cultivation of bacon breed of pigs.
Article is of interest for farmer and country farms.
Production of commodity pork effectively with use of highly productive breeding pigs, on the basis of intensive technologies of cultivation, with use of the balanced, polnoratsionny compound feeds, observance ought a condition of care of animals.
Owing to prompt reduction of a number of cattle, a bird, etc., consumption of meat and meat products decreased from 68,2 kg in 1990 to 34,5 kg in 2003, i.e. almost in 2 times. In structure of consumption of meat pork makes the greatest part – 41 % (beef and a bird, respectively, 28 %, 27 %, the rest – 4 % – mutton, fish, etc.), and it provides additional benefits in the market of meat products.
Room arrangement
For the organization of a full production cycle the room in the area not less than 29 sq.m. is used. The total area of a room shares on the isolated offices;
1. In the area of 5 sq.m. for the maintenance of the 2nd sows (4 sq.m – for suporosny, 1 sq.m. – for single);
2. In the area of 4 sq.m for a dorashchivaniye (cultivation) of pigs (10 pieces);
3. In the area of 20 sq.m for otkorma pigs.
In each office feeding troughs, automatic drinking bowls of mamillar type which provide continuous access of animals to drinking water are established. Supply of drinking water is carried out samoteky of the capacity which volume provides daily need of animals for water (depending on age from 10 to 30 l/days).
Optimum temperature mode in office of cultivation of pigs 24°S, otkorma – 18-20°C, in delivery room (locally near pigs) – 28-34°C. The room is equipped with exhaust ventilation.
Livestock acquisition
Cost of pigs (7,5-10 kg x 20 UAH.) = 150-200 UAH.
Cost of a sow of 120 kg (120 x 17,5 UAH.) = 2100 UAH.
Acquisition of compound feeds
Cost of compound feeds for a cultivation cycle – otkorma pigs (159 days):450grn;
Cost of compound feeds for the maintenance of a sow vperiod suporosnost – lactations: 550 UAH.
Economic calculation of payback
For evident calculation of payback we will simulate simultaneous acquisition of 20 pigs and the 2nd suporosny sows (20×200 + 2×2100) = 8200 UAH. Cost of forages for cultivation – otkorma 20 pigs (20×450 UAH. = 9000 UAH.). Cost of forages for a cycle a suporosnost-lactation and a single cycle of the 2nd sows = (550×2) = 1100 UAH. Other expenses (vetpreparaty, transport, energy carriers) = 100 UAH.
The general expenses (without capital investments and a salary) make 18400 UAH.
The incurred expenses give the chance to receive:
1. A complete cycle otkorma the acquired pigs for 159 days to achievement of weight of 130 kg by them (mass of ink of 87 kg x 15 UAH.) x 20 = 26100 UAH.
2. An issue from the 2nd sows – 20 pigs separated from sows, the minimum mass of 7 kg; (20 x 7 =140 kg x 20 UAH. = 2800 UAH.).
3. the 2nd sows in weight about 120 kg, 2,2 farrows capable for carrying out for a year for 2-3 years. The money equivalent makes (120 kg x 2×17,5) = 4200 UAH.
The total sales from realization throughout a cycle make (26100+4200+2800) = 33100 UAH. A difference between the received revenue and expenses (33100 UAH. – 18400 UAH.) = 14700 UAH. For a year at the expense of two cycles the total sales from realization will make 14700 x 2 =29400 UAH.
The got profit will depend on volume of capital investments for appropriate arrangement of a room, costs of time of care of animals (in case of full compliance with recommendations about use of forages, a mode of feeding, etc. they will be minimum), use of own grain for preparation of forages on davalchesky conditions, etc., and therefore it should be estimated taking into account specific conditions in each case.
Volumes of realization and sales market
The concept of a state program concerning creating an enabling environment for development of animal husbandry provides biological need of the population for meat till 2010 (72 kg on 1 person, including pork – 29 kg). Thus, further, under condition of implementation of the program, saturation of domestic market by meat it is possible to expect after 2010. Development of intensive technology of cultivation of bacon breed of pigs offers considerable advantages at pork realization to the processing enterprises in the conditions of saturated domestic market and does grown-up production competitive in a foreign market.
Risks, ways and ways of their decrease
The risks connected with the organization of a complete production cycle of cultivation of pigs, will be minimum under condition of observance of methodical recommendations on:
– to a rasplanirovaniye of rooms for the maintenance of animals in separate offices;
– to arrangement by feeding troughs, mamillar drinking bowls;
– to creation of a necessary microclimate in each office (temperature, ventilation);
– to control of quality of drinking water;
– to use of forages, according to their destination (for cultivation, otkorma pigs, the pigs separated from sows, for sows of a different physiological condition, etc.);
– to observance of sanitary requirements;
– to timely and high-quality carrying out preventive veterinary actions.
This plan is developed scelyu justifications of expediency of undertaking of own business on cultivation of commodity pork in the conditions of a personal plot of a country economy.
The analysis and calculations testify that under condition of use of high-efficiency elite animals, intensive technologies of cultivation, the polnoratsionny, balanced forages, modern conditions of the contents, observance of sanitary and veterinary requirements can create the profitable production available to many country families.
(On newspaper materials Agrob_znes sogodn i).