Authors of article once again convince the reader of value of the tributary as fodder culture: inclusion of forages from this a plant, prepared on technologies of siloing and a senazhirovaniye in diets of cows and fattened young growth, positively influence their full value, increase dairy and meat efficiency of animals, improve economic indicators of cattle-breeding production – on an example of SPK "Semisodka" of the Lenin area.
Best practices
Best practices
Value of the tributary as fodder culture is well-known, as it on fodder qualities not only doesn’t concede to other bean cultures, and in a number of indicators surpasses them and, besides, is a cheap source of protein and possesses antiseptic action.
Because of the contents in it poisonous substance (coumarin), the fresh tributary use for feeding of animals in the extremely limited quantities. Its greatest number collects in plants in flowering (1,2 %). According to E.Frener, 50 g of a coumarin kill a horse, and a sheep – 5 g. The dose of 25 g for horses and cattle is harmless.
On productivity the tributary doesn’t concede to other herbs, especially on solonets, sandy soils, etc. The tributary surpasses other forage crops in the maintenance of a perevarimy protein and phosphorus, and on the general nutritiousness doesn’t concede of.
In flowering the tributary contains 0,65 % of sugar that for 0,08 % more than it is required for providing a sugar minimum. The silo from such forage is well eaten by animals. Its solid contains 17,5 % of a protein. When siloing the tributary are allocated fitocidy thanks to which activity of putrefactive bacteria chokes. Good results were received when siloing the tributary with preservatives.
The Donnikovy silo can make one third of a fodder diet of doyny herd. In SPK "Semisotka" which is in Leninsk the region of AR Crimea where the tributary is cultivated already for many years, the schooling problem to sterns from the tributary completely is absent.
Besides, the tributary is successfully used for preparation of hay and senazha. For this purpose it mow before flowering with the subsequent dosushivaniye in wolves and small shocks. Mow the tributary harvesters therefore it turns out friable, well aired it is shaky. As at hay preparation from the tributary, because of a weight peresushivaniye, irrevocable losses take place, it is expedient to prepare from this culture forages on more perfect technology of a senazhirovaniye, at observance of requirements to which losses of nutrients, as a rule, the minimum. However in case of a peresushivaniye of initial weight to humidity of 40-45 %, it at a trambovka starts to spring, owing to what the temperature in a stern raises to 500S that sharply reduces quality senazha.
At observance of technology of preparation senazha from the tributary, the initial weight should have a phase of a butonizatsiya and harvest humidity of 55-50 %. In this case leaves of the tributary remain completely, and the protein and carotene collapse much less, than when siloing. All other production requirements (crushing, a trambovka and sealing) are carried out strictly. 1 kg such senazha contains 0,35 fodder units, 180 g of a perevarimy protein and 30 mg of carotene.
In a number of researches the opinion on an adverse effect of the tributary on quality of milk is discredited: chemical composition, physical properties, taste, color, smell. Moreover, the well-known Swiss cheese is obliged by the aroma to the yellow tributary. It is not known any case of an adverse effect of forages from the tributary on technological properties of production: milk and oil remained more long that is obviously connected with action fitoncidov.
As shows experiment of a base economy of SPK "Semisotka", inclusion of forages from the tributary, prepared on technologies of siloing and a senazhirovaniye in diets of cows and fattened young growth, positively influence their full value, increase dairy and meat efficiency of animals and improve economic indicators by production of cattle-breeding production.
A.Lazarevich, doctor of agricultural sciences,
Century of Guz, chairman of SPK "Semisotka".