In article recommendations about ensuring the organizational and technical actions which observance will allow to clean a grain yield without accidents are made and will save the grown-up crop from fire.
Shortly at grain-growers nastupit a responsible and intense time – cleaning grain. Among a set zadach which are solved by heads, speyotsialist, machine operators the day before zhatvy, they can’t forget and about such vazhyony of them, as creation of safe usyoloviya of work and reliable safety of a crop from fires. Therefore it is not out of place to remind of the main requirements tekhyonik of safety at work on zernoyouborochny combines and protivopozharyony actions for safety uroyozhy grain crops.
Before the beginning of harvest works dolzhny to be held such organizatsionyony events:
- preparation of harvest and transport units is complete;
- the equipment for rabotnikami is fixed;
- links of maintenance of cars are organized;
- on the taken-away sites oborudovany field camps and vacation spots of workers, platforms for storage tekhyonik and combustive-lubricating materials;
- fields are prepared and the proyovisaniye of wires of power lines is checked;
- it is instructed on protection truda and fire safety.
It is necessary to observe the general a safety trebovayoniya:
- persons are allowed to work on the combine not more young 18 years having an udostoyovereniye of the tractor operator of the driver;
- before the work beginning the combine operator is obliged to put on overalls, a headdress and, if necessary, goggles;
- it is impossible to change clothes close vrashhayushhixsya details of mechanisms;
- it is forbidden to establish on kombajne additional seats;
- check of a condition of sites of fields, breakdown on shelters, carrying out prokosov, obkosov etc. to make in light vremya days;
- it is forbidden to start to an upravleyoniya the combine in a condition at least legyoky alcoholic intoxication.
Before the beginning of work it is necessary to check a technical condition of the combine and to make adjustment of the main knots.
At service of the combine it is necessary to observe the following measures of a bezopasyonost:
- works on service to carry out at the muffled engine;
- in operating time under a harvester it is necessary to block the crane of hydrocylinders of lifting of a harvester and to establish it on the special supports providing steady and safe situation. It is forbidden to use for supports boxes, stones, bricks, details of cars, etc.;
- to clear cutting device follows special chistikami;
- it is obligatory to make change of a knife in mittens, holding only a tylyyony part of a knife;
- during connection of the case of a harvester it is forbidden to people to be on the inclined chamber, and also between an inclination ache the chamber and a harvester;
- during carrying out maintenance of harvesters and transyoportny units in a night-time the artificial osyoveshcheniye of platforms should be provided;
- filling of combines by fuel, voyody and oil is made at night for work only at natural light. In case of the compelled filling at night it is necessary to use a pereyonosny electric lamp and osveshcheyoniy from other combine, the car etc.
Extra care it is necessary proyavlyat at transport moving and to operating time directly in the field. In a field and in movement on roads nikomu, except the combine operator, it is not authorized to be on grain-harvesting kombajne.
During moving vygruzny shneki and other working bodies harvest mashin should be transferred to transyoportny situation. A distance between cars – not less than 50 m.
At movement on the highway in day vremya on the ends of a harvester of the combine neobxodimo to establish precautionary red tags, and at night – krasyony alarm bulbs.
At approach to an unprotected railway crossing it is necessary to reduce speed of movement and, without reaching 10 m to the closest rail of a railway way, to stop and be convinced of absence coming nearer to pereezdu the trains Move through moving sleduet with speed of 3-4 km/h, thus pereklyuchat transfer it is not authorized. When towing combines to apply only a rigid tow which length shouldn’t exceed 4 m.
Before the work beginning the combine operator dolzhen from the head of a site to receive jamming and a route of movement of the combine, to familiarize with all features of works on rough sites and abrupt slopes. The most dopusyotimy bias at work on a slope shouldn’t exceed 15 degrees.
Combines it is necessary to provide with derevyanyony shovels for pushing through slezhavshegosya grains in bunkers to vygruznomu shneku, and also strong derevyannymi linings for installation domkrata.
During cleaning of grain, zernoboyobovy and krupyany crops it is necessary to adhere to the rules of a fire bezoyopasnost stated in section 7.9 1. DNAOP 0. 01.1. 01-95. Here some of them.
All harvest equipment should be equipped with serviceable iskrotushitel, is equipped with primary means of a poyozharotusheniye (combines and tractors – two fire extinguishers, two shtykovymi the shovels, two sweepers). Kombayyonera, tractor operators, their assistants and the druyogy persons involved on works on harvesting, should pass protivoyopozharny instructing.
Cases of combines should be osnashheny earthing metal cepyu which concerns the earth.
The harvest equipment is necessary for checking reguyolyarno on density of connection of an exhaust pipe with a branch pipe of a final collector and a collector with the block of a dviyogatel. In case of emergence of signs the probitiya of laying work follows prekratit to. their replacements.
In a wax maturity grain fields in places of their prileganiye to forests, automobile and to the railways, should be obkosheny (with uboryoky mown) and opaxany a strip not less than 4 m in width.
Before a mowing grain massifs neobxodimo to break into sites in the area no more than 50 hectares. Between sites follows delat prokosy not less than 8 m in width. Skoyoshenny bread with prokosov needs to be cleaned nemedlenyono. In the middle prokosov the propakhanny strip not less 4m the shiriyony becomes.
Temporary field camps 100 m from grain massifs, currents, ricks, etc. are necessary to have not closer. Platforms of field camps and zernotokov opaxat strip not less than 4 m in width.
Directly on the grain massif in the area over 25 hectares from which ubiraetsya a crop, it is necessary to have on call a tractor with a plow on a fire case. It is necessary to turn on spetsializirovanyony cars in structure of harvest and transport groups with pumps (vodorazdatchik and other), adapted for a tuyosheniye of fires grain.
In cleaning it is forbidden szhigayony eddishes, the postharvest remains and cultivation of fires on fields.
Work harvest tekhyonik without cowls or with opened kapotami isn’t authorized. By cars which have no cowls, the final collector should be protected by the metal guard closing it along all length from above and sideways.
Radiators of engines, shaft of biter, solomonabivatel, conveyors, podyoborshchik, shneki and other knots and detali harvesters should be cleared svoyevremenyono of a dust, straw and grain.
In field conditions filling by fuel of harvest equipment should osushhestvlyatsya outside of a field (not closer than 30 m) topyolivozapravshchik, at the muffled engines.
Repair of harvesters and units, if necessary, is allowed not blizhe 30 m from grain massifs and other crops.
Under condition of observance of vysheukazanyony rules there is a hope that grain-growers of the Crimea will carry out cleaning grain kultur without accidents and will save the grown-up crop from fire.
E.EFIMOV, the leading engineer concerning UKTs labor protection.