Forecast of development and distribution of the main wreckers

The description of wreckers and the diseases which emergence is expected in May on fields AR Crimea is provided in article. Recommendations about methods of fight against them are made.

Mnogoyadnye wreckers

Italian pruc

With  soil warming up to 23oS the otrozhdeniye and an exit of larvae of a locust from wintering places is expected. Roughly the exit of larvae of the wrecker is expected in the second decade of May. First of all the exit of larvae of the wrecker is expected on slopes of cretaceous mountains of the Bakhchsarai, Belogorsky areas and zones of Sevastopol. Processing of crops by chemical preparations from the saranchovy begin at number of Italian prusa 2-5ݬº/sq.m, not gregarious saranchovy 10-15ݬº/sq.m.     For fight against the wrecker use the following preparations: Detsis k.e., Shtefesin to. e–0,4-0,5 l/hectares, Kinmiks k.e. – 0,3-0,4 l/hectares, Mospilan of genitive – 0,05-0,075 kg/hectares, Sumi-alfa k.e.-0,4/l/hectare, Fastak k.e. – 0,2 l/hectares and other preparations. In a phase of increase of number local processings on larvae of younger age are recommended. Continuous processings should be carried out only in places of high number of larvae.

In May injuriousness of larvae of provolochnik and lozhnoprovolochnik in crops of winter, summer grain crops, and also in crops of propashny cultures will proceed.

Within a month in the central part of the Crimea on shoots of sunflower, corn, a soya injuriousness of caterpillars podgryzayushchy a scoop is expected.

To reduce injuriousness a scoop it is possible by means of fight against blossoming weed vegetation where butterflies before an otkladka of eggs eat.

 In emergence on corn of 5-8 leaflets, it is expected years and a yaytsekladka of a corn moth. For fight against a corn moth, it is necessary to let out trixogrammu, with its release in two terms, or when settling by a yaytsekladka of the wrecker of 17-18 % of plants, it is necessary to hold destructive chemical events.

In the second decade of May in the steppe regions of the Crimea possibly emergence of the centers of injuriousness of a meadow moth. Emergence of the centers will be promoted by flying individuals wreckers from nearby areas of Ukraine.

Wreckers and diseases of grain crops

Bug harmful cherepashka

During the present period, the bulk of bugs of a harmful cherepashka is under a laying in plodopolosax.

In warm sunny days in Razdolnensky, Krasnogvardeysky, Simferopol, Pervomaisk areas notes emergence about the wrecker on a surface of a vegetative laying under which there passed rewintering. Population bulk – females (68 %), males make 32 %. At air temperature +16o, +17oS, the mass exit of grain bugs from wintering places is expected. Roughly mass exit of grain bugs is expected in the I decade of May. At number klopa1 piece/m of kV it is necessary to hold destructive events. The high chilennost of a bug is expected in Kirovsk, Krasnogvardeysky, Krasnoperekopsky, Leninsk, Razdolnensky, Saksky, Soviet, Pervomaisk areas.

Cereal flies.

Everywhere in warm windless weather above 16oS, it is noted years of cereal flies. The spring-and-summer generation of cereal flies will develop on shoots of the summer grain: corn, millet, sorghum.

Stem cereal flea beetles.

Within May injuriousness of stem cereal flea beetles will be noted in crops of winter and especially spring crops.

Grain bugs.

In the third decade of May emergence in crops of grain bugs is expected. The centers of the increased number are expected in regional strips of a steppe part of the Crimea.

 Within a month in crops summer grain, corn an active food of plant louses, cereal a tsikadok that will promote increase in virus diseases in crops is expected.

Pyavitsa krasnogrudy.

In May a food, a yaytsekladka and an otrozhdeniye of larvae of a pyavitsa krasnogrudy will proceed.

Years of a grain pililshchik, tripsov it is expected at the end of the first decade of May.

Difference of a temperature mode, availability of drop     moisture during the present period promotes universal manifestation on winter crops of root gnily, mealy dew, a brown sheet spottiness, septorioza, a brown sheet rust, to manifestation of mealy dew, gelmintosporioza.

Long-term herbs, commercial crops.

On a rape within a month injuriousness rape listoeda, cvetoeda, a plant louse, a scoop, krestotsvetny flea beetles, a pililshchik will proceed. From diseases manifestation peronosporoza, alternarioza is expected.

 In sunflower shoots on fields, it is necessary to expect universal injuriousness sandy medlyaka, ochazhny injuriousness podgryzayushchy a scoop.

In lucerne crops within May injuriousness fitonomusa will proceed.

Navskhodakh of a beet is expected a mass food of sveklovichny flea beetles. Except flea beetles injuriousness of mining flies, shhitonosok, a plant louse is expected. For timely protection of a crop of a beet it is possible to use the following preparations: Bazudin of 600 EW k.e., Diazinon of 60 % k.e.-1,8-2 l/hectares, Dursban, 48 % k.e.-1,5-2½/hectare, Zolon35 of % k.e. 1-2 l/hectares, Nurel D, 55 % k.e. – 0,8 l/hectares and other resolved preparations.

On shoots of flax, mustard a mass food of krestotsvetny and linen flea beetles, linen tripsa is expected. At number of linen flea beetles 10-15ݬº/m, it is necessary to hold protective events. From diseases manifestation fuzarioza, antraknoza is expected. For complex protection of crops of flax it is necessary to use insecticides: Fyyuri of 10 % for century of page-0,1 – 0,15 l/hectares; fungicidy: Fundazol of 50 % for page of item of-1 kg/hectare – Hlorokis of copper, 90 % of page of item of-2,2 kg/hectares.

Wreckers and diseases of vegetable cultures and potatoes.

At emergence of shoots of potatoes, mass injuriousness of the wintered Colorado beetle, as in crops industrial, and individual value is expected. During the whole May the Colorado beetle will be vredonosit in landings of tomatoes, an eggplant, potatoes.

Protection of crops against the Colorado beetle should be begun at mass emergence of larvae of the first and second age and their number of 15-20 pieces on a populated plant. When settling 10 % and more than percent of plants. For fight against the Colorado beetle it is possible to use the following preparations: Mospilan of 20 % s.p.0,02-0,025 kg/hectare, Aktara of 25 % for century of of-0,06-0,08 kg/hectares; Goal-scorer, century of of-0,045-0,050 kg/hectares, Vanteks of 60 % mk.s-0,07 kg/hectare, Dursban of 48 % k.e.-1, % of l/hectare and others razreshenne preparations.

In crops of a garden radish, early cabbage, semennik of krestotsvetny cultures within a month a food of a plant louse, krestotsvetny flea beetles, caterpillars of white butterflies, a scoop is expected.

In the second decade of May in crops of onions it is expected years and a yaytsekladka of an onions fly, onions tripsa.

In May the scoop is expected years and an additional food of butterflies cabbage, tomato and others listogryzushchy. In May on fields of cabbage possibly development of spring generation of a cabbage fly. In pest control on cabbage it is possible to use the following preparations: Aktara of 25 % for century of of-0,06-0,08 kg/hectares, Alteks of 100 % k.e. 0,1-0,15 l/hectares, Bazudin of 60 % century e.-1.0 l/hectare, Detsis2,5 k.e.-0,3½/hectare, Diazol of 60 % century e.-1½/hectare, Dimilin of page of item of-0,08-0,12 kg/hectares and other preparations.

From diseases on vegetable cultures manifestation makrosporioza, fitoftoroza, a bacteriosis, peronosporoza is expected.

Wreckers and diseases of fruit crops and grapes.

In May in gardens injuriousness of the gray pochkovy weevil, the brent, a bukarka will proceed; annulate and unpaired silkworm. In flowering and growth zavyazi injuriousness yablonny cvetoeda, pililshchik is expected.

In plodopolosax and badly kept gardens injuriousness of a yablonny moth proceeds.

Development fruit a listovertok is expected everywhere during the whole May month.

In May the okuklivaniye of caterpillars of a yablonny plodozhorka is expected. Roughly years of butterflies of a yablonny plodozhorka of Ipokoleniya it is expected at the end of the month.

Everywhere in gardens revival in development of pincers, deaf adders, plant louses is noted.

From diseases injuriousness of mealy dew, monilioza, kurchavost of leaves of a peach will proceed.

In the first decade of May manifestation on apple-tree and pear leaves – parshi is expected; on kostochkovy cultures development kokkomikoza, klyasterosporioza, in the middle is expected month at temperature pochvy190oS on depth of 5 cm, the departure of a cherry fly is expected.

Mass years of butterflies of a grozdevy listovertka it is expected in the second decade of May. Within a month on vineyards will harm grape skosar, zuden, a web tick. By the end of month, under condition of damp weather, development mildyu on grapes is expected.

V. Permyakov, chief of the State station of protection of plants, S. Kindruk, manager. laboratory of forecasts and diagnostics of plants