Production of commodity prudovy fish and prospect of its development in the autonomous republic Crimea

In the Crimea there are favorable conditions for development of prudovy fish breeding. In article it is told about its condition for today: quantity of reservoirs, volume of production of fish, etc. And also about plans for the future, including creation of the enterprises for processing of fish. The new semi-intensive form of maintaining fish breeding to which passed farms of the Crimea is described. Ways of expansion of terms of realization of fresh fish are offered.


PRODUCTION COMMODITY, PRUDOVA OF FISH AND PROSPECTS OF ITS DEVELOPMENT IN THE AUTONOMOUS REPUBLIC CRIMEA

Development of a prudovy aquaculture – the main direction in the fish breeding, capable to provide enough of qualitative fish production.

It is known that all water objects in which there is a tuvodny (local) or installed fish fauna, are fishery objects. Water objects – it is one of natural bases of economic development of a fishery complex of the autonomy, carrying out the task in providing the population with the high-grade foodstuff, promoting its employment, has recreational value. In the Crimea for maintaining prudovy fish breeding (cultivation, production of prudovy fish, amateur and sports fish breeding) is used 340 water objects in total area of a surface of the water of 6700 hectares.

For three last years, the majority of the farms which are going in for prudovy fish breeding, carried out transition with extensive (a pasturable aquaculture) forms of conducting managing on a semi-intensive form that allowed to increase production of prudovy fish from 1580 tons in 2005 to 2102 tons in 2007 and to raise the general ryboproduktivnost from 278 kg/hectares to 370 kg/hectares.

Stably farms Krasnoperekopsky, Lenin, Soviet work, and Black Sea areas, annually increasing by 10-15 % production of prudovy fish, raising a ryboproduktivnost of used ponds and reservoirs.

In 2008 for maintaining prudovy fish breeding it is involved 339 ponds and reservoirs, with the area of a surface of the water of 6683 hectares. On 201 water object (5639,6 hectares) production and reproduction of prudovy fish is conducted: carp, white cupid, silver carp, sterlet, spoon-billed cat, channel catfish and other breeds and types. It is planned to make 2400 tons of prudovy fish, at 425 kg of a ryboproduktivnost on hectare.

For this purpose it is necessary to continue transition to a semi-intensive form of maintaining prudovy fish breeding which gives the chance to receive from 500 to 1000 kg of fish from 1 hectare of the water area of a pond, as at the expense of joint cultivation of different types of fish on one area and increases of density of a zarybleniye from 1500 to 3000 pieces/hectares godoviky fishes, and performance of other intensive processing methods of production of commodity fish.

It is necessary to apply more widely experiment of specialized commodity fisheries on the organization of production of commodity fish, improvement of quality of grown-up fish, increase of her flavoring qualities and weight standards.

Zarybleniye a qualitative ryboposadochny material in optimum terms – one of the main factors in increase of the general ryboproduktivnost and increase in production of prudovy fish.

In March-May of the current year was zarybleno ponds and reservoirs zarybky in number of 5625 thousand copies, from 8070 thousand copies planned for 2008 godovika a carp, a silver carp, a white cupid and others. This work proceeds. In a pond more than 2,5 million copies godovika in the autumn will be roughly let out.

Production of commodity fish is characterized by accurately expressed recurrence that causes mass receipt of a ryboproduktsiya during the autumn period. This circumstance lead to that the population loses possibility to consume prudovy fish throughout the most part of year. In this regard producers of commodity fish should look for ways of expansion of terms of her realization that matters and in establishment of the differentiated seasonal prices for realized production. To the solution of this task apply as traditional ways (building of zhivorybny bases and sadkovy farms) and biotechnological ways, such as the rarefied landings of a large ryboposadochny material, joint cultivation a dvukhletok, a trekhletok and others. The general ryboproduktivnost of used ponds and reservoirs thus raises, terms of realization of high-quality fresh fish extend.

The ministry of an agrarian policy pays attention of heads of the fishery enterprises to application of the approved compoundings of the combined forages, creation of the most optimum modes of the maintenance of fish during the summer period, and as use of pedigree structures recommended for perspective production zarybka.

Specialists of branch note long ago ripened need for creation of the production structures specializing on processing of commodity prudovy fish.

At the population the provesny, dried, smoked fish, fish canned food, preserved food and culinary products uses considerable demand.

In the course of a growth in volumes of production of commodity prudovy fish, since 2005, the organization of its industrial processing becomes more and more actual.

V. Tyshkevich, deputy minister of an agrarian policy of AR Crimea.