In article methods of the analysis of contamination of seeds are listed by causative agents of diseases.
Biological method apply to reveal external and internal contamination of seeds diseases. It is based on stimulation of growth and development of pathogenic microorganisms in the infected seeds. Contamination of seeds define during a prorashchivaniye in the damp chamber in rolls of filtering paper, on sand or substrata.
At a prorashchivaniye of seeds in the damp chamber bacterial diseases determine by degree of a razmyagchennost and an osliznennost of a fabric of seeds. Mushroom diseases are shown on the sprouted and not sprouted seeds in the form of spots of a various form and coloring, a raid of a mycelium, piknidiya, distortions, deformations or dying off of parts of sprouts. To supervise reliability of recognition of pathogens, apply, a mikroskopirovaniye.
For a prorashchivaniye of seeds in the damp chamber use Petri, Koch sterile dry cups or the glass capacities covered with glass. On a bottom put three layers of a gauze or two layers of filtering paper, humidify with water, and then display seeds on distance of 1-2 cm from each other, depending on the sizes. Thermostats before analysis of seeds carefully wash and disinfect, according to DSTU 4138-2002. Petri, Koch cups or glass capacities, with vyseyanny seeds in them, put in thermostats for a prorashchivaniye. Petri, Koch cups, ware, a gauze, filtering paper, the pipettes intended for the analysis, should be sterile.
Phytopathologic estimation of seeds carry out to the terms established by DSTU 4138-2002. Types of diseases which can be revealed at a prorashchivaniye in the damp chamber: beet table and fodder – fomoz, an anise – the bacteriosis, a plesneveniye, peas – alternarioz, askoxitoz, a bacteriosis, white and gray decayed, a plesneveniye, fuzarioz, a buckwheat – a bacteriosis, a plesneveniye, a rye – alternarioz, gelmintosporioz, a plesneveniye, septorioz, fuzarioz, the black germ, cabbage – white decay, a plesneveniye, haricot – antraknoz, askoxitoz, a bacteriosis, white and gray decayed, a plesneveniye, caraway seeds – a bacteriosis, a plesneveniye, septorioz, fuzarioz, a clover – a plesneveniye, a kleverny cancer, corn – a bacteriosis, white and gray decayed, diplodioz, nigrosporoz, a plesneveniye, fuzarioz, red decay, flax – antraknoz, askoxitoz, bakteroioz, a krapchatost, Pasmo, a plesneveniye, polisporoz, fuzarioz, carrots – white decay, a plesneveniye, fomoz, oats – gelmintosporiz (a red-brown spottiness), septorioz, a plesneveniye, fuzarioz, millet – gelmintosporiz, a plesneveniye, wheat – alternarioz, bacterioses, gelmintosporioz, a plesneveniye, septorioz, fuzarioz, the black germ, rice – alternarioz, gelmintosporioz, perikulyarioz, a plesneveniye, fuzarioz, sunflower – white, gray and dry decayed, a plesneveniye, a soya – askoxitoz, a bacteriosis, white decay, peronosporoz, a plesneveniye, fuzarioz, cerkosoproz, fennel – a bacteriosis, a plesneveniye, fuzarioz, cerkosporoz, barley – alternarioz, gelmintosporioz (mesh, striped and dark-brown a spottiness), a plesneveniye, septorioz, fuzarioz, a black germ.
A.ALEKSEENKO,
Gosseminspektsiya’s chief of the Autonomous Republic Crimea.