This publication is devoted to a surprising plant – a guelder-rose, not only as to a symbol of a maiden charm and purity, but also as to a plant possessing big salutary force, a plant decorative, to a garden ornament.
It is in detail told about useful properties of berry of this plant, about ways of reproduction of this garden culture.
A guelder-rose ordinary – valuable food, medicinal and melliferous culture, widespread and especially esteemed in Ukraine
Guelder-rose ordinary – valuable food, medicinal and melliferous culture, shiroko widespread and especially esteemed in Ukraine. The people always used tseliyotelny force and beauty of a guelder-rose. In national song creativity the beauty of a guelder-rose as a symbol of a maiden charm and chistoty is sung. The guelder-rose is always fine – and in the summer in white I blossom, and in the autumn in crimson leaves and brushes of juicy ruby fruits.
Berries for a body, a flower as a hobby
Fruits of a guelder-rose or crude jam [a guelder-rose, pereyoterty with sugar] in medical practice ispolzuyut as the means calming palpitation, at an initial stage of a hypertension. Broth of fruits with honey is good for cough, at various zabolevayoniya of a stomach and intestines, and also hemorrhoids, internal and nasal bleedings. Juice of berries treat stomach ulcer, diseases of a liver, eczema and furuncles. It can be used as kosmetiyochesky means at youthful eels, children’s diathesis. Fruits of a guelder-rose tone up, improve heart work, have diuretic effect, calm nervous system.
In traditional medicine broth from a dried flower and a bark of a guelder-rose treat a scrofula, rash, udushe and cold. From a bark of a guelder-rose prepare krovovo-stopping extracts, and broth from a young bark – good means from perspiration of feet. Viyotaminny tea from fruits not only is good on taste, but also possesses all-strengthening and uspokaivayuyoshchy properties. Thanks to high an iron soderzhayoniya in guelder-rose fruits, their consumption in the fresh or processed look prevents and treats an anemia. R-active connections, soderzhashhiesya in guelder-rose fruits, normalize a soyostoyaniye of blood vessels, and pectins sposobstvuyut to their clarification from cholesterol, salts of tyazheyoly metals and radionuclides. Especially useful medical property of a guelder-rose is connected with existence in fruits of a bitter glycoside – viburnina, obladayoyushchy styptic action.
When using a pareny guelder-rose when berries get brown coloring, viburnin and the most part of vitamins collapse. To remove bitterness in fruits without loss of vitamins it is possible freezing, a scalding, an upoyotrebleniye with honey (especially in the medical purposes) or sugar. There is one more way of disposal of bitterness: to put berries at some o’clock (for the night) in krepyoky salt solution, then to wash out and use on a nayoznacheniye.
The guelder-rose always took not the last place in the menu of nayoshy ancestors and on a table of the modern Ukrainian it daleko not the superfluous. This berry is tasty and very useful. And skolko is recipes of preparation of dishes from a guelder-rose: pies with a kalinovy stuffing, cheese cakes, a guelder-rose pareny with honey, jelly, fruit candy, a fruit candy, kissels-kalinniki, wine, fruit liqueurs and tinctures. Of the dried seeds of a guelder-rose do a zameniyotel of coffee whom it is possible to drink both in the morning, and in the evening. It doesn’t cause sleeplessness, doesn’t raise, and opposite, normalizuet a blood pressure.
In the decorative relation the besplodyony form of a guelder-rose ordinary which inflorescence polnostyu consists from sexless white a flower, forming veliyokolepny, as if snow, spheres is especially appreciated. For it it was called also by Buldenezh (a snow sphere). Buldenezh it is extremely decorative and more than a month blossoms, pleasing the eye krasoyoty and splendor.
Red as blood, sweet as honey
All the guelder-rose, but excessive bitterness of its fruits ostaetsya the main reason insignificant a culture rasprostraneyoniya is good. However scientists already received grades with slaboyogorky and almost sweet fruits. Some such grades grow in our garden and the hybrids acquired in Vseyorossiysky scientific research institute of gardening (Michurinsk). Especially ponravilis krupnoplodny grades Maria (berries red) and Vigorovsky (berries red-orange). At a full soyozrevaniye of their berry of pleasant taste, sweet with weak gorechyu. They are pleasant fresh without a promorazhivaniye. Besides they contain more vitamins and more urozhajny, than wild-growing. The content of sugar in specified sortax – to 32 % that in 2 – 3 times more than in raspberry!
Guelder-rose bush under a window
On a personal plot or giving it is enough to have two plants of a guelder-rose. It is exacting to soil a plodoyorodiya, grows at an insignificant zateneniye. The guelder-rose should be placed on a site background, usually about hoyozyaystvenny constructions which it will be a little skryvat the branches. Saplings of a guelder-rose put in zapravyolenny hole humus with a small zaglubleniye, the soil about roots well condense. After landing the plant is necessary to water plentifully, the soil around zamulchirovat with humus, peat or compost.
Guelder-rose – a hygrophilous plant which is good prisposoblyaetsya and to insufficiently humidified sites blagodarya to the rich and branched-out rod root system. But in the conditions of deficiency of moisture the crop falls. For a guelder-rose not dangerously temporary flooding on inundated uchayostka, even on the contrary, it creates a necessary stock of pochyovenny moisture on the first half of summer, quite often droughty.
In guelder-rose growth a bush it form of 5 – 7 branches. A scrap further it should be directed generally on removal old, dry, broken and zagushchayushchy vetyovy. Growth of bushes of a guelder-rose occurs at the expense of an ukoreyoneniye of young growth and formation of natural layers. The Dolyogovechnost of separate trunks of a guelder-rose reaches 10 – 25 years, depending on cultivation conditions.
For receiving big crops the plant is necessary for feeding up organic chemistry and mineral fertilizers. Manure usually bring in the autumn under perekopku at the rate of one bucket on a bush. Under an adult bush it is possible to bring humus of 1 time in 2 years. Mineral fertilizers a guelder-rose podkarmlivayut early in the spring, before blooming of kidneys (30 g of ammoniac saltpeter or urea on a bush), and in the summer (50 g nitroammofoski in a pristvolny circle). To pick berries it is recommended to frosts, differently them can obest birds. Berries can be stored neyokotory time in brushes and without a freezing but if nekogda them to overwork, it is better to freeze, what not umenshit their useful properties.
Magnificent bush from a shank
The guelder-rose can be multiplied seeds and vegetativno. At seed reproduction high-quality properties aren’t transferred, besides, guelder-rose seeds without special influence of variable temperatures ascend only for the second year after autumn or spring crops. In amateur and priusayodebny gardens the pleasant grade of a guelder-rose easily razmnozhit vegetativno – a young growth earthing up, bush division, vertical or horizontal layers, and also green and odrevesnevshy shanks.
The way of reproduction of the guelder-rose, developed by chair of selection and seed farming of Ukrayoinsky agricultural academy is worthy. At uterine bushes at the age from 2 till 10 years in the autumn and in the spring hill an osnoyovaniye stvolikov (an earth layer in 5 – 8 cm). In a year round a bush appear in addition from 3 to 6 young escapes. When they it is reached in height of 20 – 25 cm, carry out the repeated earthing up river sand. Height of a sand hillock the basis should have not less than 20 cm, and width 30 – 35 see. A consumption of sand 1 – 1,5 buckets. It is necessary periodicheski to humidify a sandy hillock. At good leaving in the first year by autumn at the hilled escapes well developed roots are formed. The taken roots escapes separate from a uterine bush secateurs and land on a constant place.
We use the simplest way of reproduction of a guelder-rose – odrevesnevshy shanks. Shanks we prepare early in the spring, cutting from uterine bushes annual escapes in length not less than 20 see. The prepared shanks we maintain in water of 3 – 5 days, then we land in cold film shelter (cherenochnik). The substratum of a cherenochnik consists of humus and peska in the ratio 1:1. Plentiful moistening we provide with any garden spray (for example, "snail"). In a month all shanks will take roots, and by autumn sayozhenets whom it is possible to land on a constant place will grow from them. This method is good also that at the moment of rooting yet hot (March-April) therefore there is no need organizovyvat a zateneniye of a cherenochnik, as at a green cherenkovaniye.
(On magazine materials the Truck farmer).